Resultado da pesquisa (649)

Termo utilizado na pesquisa MAT

#11 - Oral metformin for type-2 diabetes mellitus treatment in a black-tufted marmoset (Callithrix penicillata)

Abstract in English:

Type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by defects in insulin secretion and combined peripheral resistance to the hormone. Several non-human primates (NHP) species develop T2DM, mainly captive animals with reduced physical activity and incorrect feeding. This case report describes the T2DM treatment of a black-eared marmoset (Callithrix penicillata) by diet reformulation and metformin oral administration. An adult female was diagnosed with T2DM after hyperglycemia and high serum fructosamine associated with glycosuria and obesity. Metformin hydrochloride (125mg/animal, orally, q24h) associated with feeding intervention was started. After 26 days, a significant reduction in weight, glycemia, and serum fructosamine could be observed, showing satisfactory results for the adopted therapy. Metformin is considered a safe drug for T2DM treatment due to its low hypoglycemia risk. The new diet consisted of sweet potato, squash, and varied fruits offered twice daily. In addition, thawed-mice newborns, egg whites, and small portions of pelleted primate food. In the present report, metformin use, associated with a low glycemic index diet, was effective in treating this particular marmoset and may present a potential for T2DM treatment in other NHPs.

Abstract in Portuguese:

Diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) caracteriza-se por uma combinação de defeitos na secreção de insulina e resistência periférica ao hormônio. Diversas espécies de primatas não humanos (PNH) desenvolvem DM2, sobretudo animais cativos com atividade física reduzida e alimentados incorretamente. Este trabalho descreve o tratamento de DM2 em sagui-de-tufo-preto (Callithrix penicillata), através da reformulação da dieta e administração oral de metformina. Uma fêmea adulta foi diagnosticada com DM2 após apresentar hiperglicemia e frutosaminemia elevadas associadas à glicosúria e à obesidade. Iniciou-se o uso do cloridrato de metformina (125mg/animal, VO, SID) associado ao controle de consumo alimentar com ajustes da dieta. Após 26 dias pode-se observar redução significativa de peso, adequação da glicemia e frutosaminemia, constatando resultado satisfatório da terapêutica adotada. A metformina é considerada um medicamento seguro para o tratamento de DM2, devido ao baixo risco de hipoglicemia. A base da nova dieta era batata-doce, abóbora e frutas variadas oferecidas duas vezes ao dia. Além disso, camundongos recém-nascidos descongelados, clara de ovo e pequenas porções de ração primata peletizada. No presente relato, a metformina associada a uma dieta com baixo índice glicêmico, foi eficaz para tratamento de DM2 podendo apresentar potencial terapêutico de DM2 em outros PNH.


#12 - Prevalence of bovine tuberculosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract in English:

Bovine tuberculosis is a zoonotic disease with global distribution. This study aimed to describe its prevalence in cattle through a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies conducted all around the world. The research consisted of a systematic literature review following the precepts of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) methodology. Cross-sectional studies that described the prevalence of the disease using the diagnostic method through an intradermal test with bovine and avian purified protein derivative (PPD) were selected. Identifying articles was performed in the PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. Of the total number of studies found (n=1,839), 60 met all criteria and were included in this review. The overall prevalence was 3.27% (2.11–5.05%) for animals and 18.09% (11.20–27.90%) for herds. Analysis of risk factors for tuberculosis in cattle was found or performed in 50 studies. The heterogeneity identified among the works included was expected, given the differences in research design, year of publication, and the number of animals sampled. It is necessary to evaluate the insertion of new ante mortem diagnostic tests into control and eradication programs, which, combined with allergic tests, may identify the largest number of animals that presented an actual positive for the disease.

Abstract in Portuguese:

A tuberculose bovina é uma doença zoonótica com distribuição global. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi descrever a prevalência da enfermidade em bovinos através de uma revisão sistemática e meta-análise em estudos realizados no mundo. A pesquisa consistiu em uma revisão sistemática de literatura seguindo os preceitos da metodologia “Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses” (PRISMA). Estudos transversais que descreveram a prevalência da enfermidade utilizando o método de diagnóstico através da prova intradérmica com derivado proteico purificado (PPD) bovino e aviário foram selecionados. O processo de identificação dos artigos foi desenvolvido nas bases de dados PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus e Web of Science. Do total de estudos encontrados (n=1.839), 60 atenderam a todos os critérios e foram incluídos na presente revisão. A prevalência geral encontrada foi de 3,27% (2,11–5,05%) para animais e 18,09% (11,20–27,90%) para rebanhos. Análises de fatores de riscos para a tuberculose em bovinos foi encontrada ou realizada em 50 estudos. A heterogeneidade identificada entre os trabalhos incluídos nesta revisão era esperada tendo em vista as diferenças relacionadas aos desenhos de pesquisa, anos de publicação dos estudos e a quantidade de animais amostrados. É necessária a avaliação da introdução de novos testes de diagnóstico ante-mortem aos programas de controle e erradicação que, combinados com os testes alérgicos, possam identificar o maior número de animais verdadeiramente positivos para a enfermidade.


#13 - Cutaneous diseases diagnosed in cattle in southern Brazil from 2000 to 2022

Abstract in English:

A retrospective study of skin diseases diagnosed in cattle from 2000 to 2022 was performed at the “Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico” of the “Faculdade de Veterinária” of the “Universidade Federal de Pelotas” (LRD-UFPel) to determine the main skin diseases that affect cattle in southern Brazil. Information regarding epidemiological data, lesions and diagnosis was collected. The diseases were grouped into infectious/inflammatory, toxic, nonneoplastic proliferative and neoplastic. The macroscopic aspects, distribution, histopathology, and evolution of the lesions were obtained in the protocols, and the original diagnosis was preserved. The main skin diseases diagnosed during this period occurred during outbreaks. They were infectious, with an emphasis on dermatophilosis, papillomatosis and dermatophytosis, followed by hepatogenous photosensitization, which was included in the group of toxic diseases. Among the neoplasms, squamous cell carcinoma stood out, occurring in isolated cases, reflecting an irrelevant cause of economic losses.

Abstract in Portuguese:

Foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo das enfermidades de pele diagnosticadas no Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico da Faculdade de Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Pelotas (LRD-UFPel), no período de 2000 a 2022, com o objetivo de determinar as principais dermatopatias que afetam bovinos na região sul do RS. Foram coletadas informações referentes aos dados epidemiológicos, lesões observadas e diagnóstico. As enfermidades foram agrupadas em infecciosas/inflamatórias, tóxicas, proliferativas não neoplásicas e neoplásicas. Os aspectos macroscópicos, distribuição, histopatologia e evolução das lesões foram obtidos nos protocolos e o diagnóstico original foi preservado. Conclui-se que as principais enfermidades cutâneas diagnosticadas no período ocorreram em surtos e eram infecciosas, destacando-se a dermatofilose, a papilomatose e a dermatofitose, seguidas pela fotossensibilização hepatógena incluída no grupo das enfermidades tóxicas. Dentre as neoplasias destacou-se o carcinoma celular escamoso que ocorreu em casos isolados, refletindo um prejuízo irrelevante.


#14 - Causes of death in domestic cats during COVID-19 pandemic (2020-2021): A multi-institutional necropsy study from Mato Grosso and Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Abstract in English:

Retrospective studies that address the diseases in the feline species are scarce. Herein, we presented the cause of death or euthanasia of cats from January 2020 to December 2021, during the first and second years of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. The data were obtained from necropsies performed by the Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro and the Federal University of Mato Grosso. A total of 96 feline necropsies were performed. In 87 cases (90.6%), we established the reason for death, while in nine cases (9.4%), the diagnoses were inconclusive. We established the diagnostic groups: infectious and parasitic (37.5%), neoplasm (14.5%), malformation (7.3%), lower urinary tract disease (7.3%), degenerative (6.2%), traumas (6.2%), other causes (8.4%) and iatrogenic (3.1%). The most common cat diseases in Mato Grosso and Rio de Janeiro were infectious. The most common inflammatory lesions were bacterial and viral pneumonia. Alphaherpesvirus (FeHV), Mycoplasma sp., and Pseudomonas sp. were the main detected agents.

Abstract in Portuguese:

Estudos retrospectivos que abordam doenças em felinos domésticos são escassos. Apresentamos aqui a causa da morte ou razões para eutanásia de gatos domésticos entre janeiro de 2020 e dezembro de 2021, durante o primeiro e segundo ano da pandemia de SARS-CoV-2. Os dados foram obtidos em necropsias realizadas pela Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro e Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso. Foram realizadas 96 necropsias de felinos. Em 87 casos (90,6%) foi estabelecido a causa da morte e em nove casos (9,4%) os diagnósticos foram inconclusivos. Estabelecemos os grupos diagnósticos: infecciosos e parasitários (37,5%), neoplasias (14,5%), malformações (7,3%), doenças do trato urinário inferior (7,3%), degenerativas (6,2%), traumas (6,2%), outras causas (8,4%) e iatrogênicas (3,1%). As doenças mais frequentes em gatos do Mato Grosso e Rio de Janeiro foram as infecciosas. As lesões inflamatórias mais frequentes foram as pneumonias bacterianas e virais. Os principais agentes detectados foram Alphaherpesvirus (FeHV), Mycoplasma sp. e Pseudomonas sp.


#15 - Measuring of the salivary immunoglobulin in Callithrix jacchus primates in captivity running title: salivary immunoglobulin in marmoset

Abstract in English:

The primary antibody in the mucous membranes and exocrine glands is a polymetric secretory immunoglobulin A. This immunoglobulin has been used as an indicator of stress in various animals, including nonhuman primates, and can also be used to monitor immune activity. The secretory immunoglobulin A is predominantly found in seromucous secretions such as saliva, tears, colostrum, milk, and liquor, as well as tracheobronchial, intestinal, and genitourinary secretions. This study aimed to measure the salivary IgA levels in Callithrix jacchus (common marmoset) by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test (ELISA). Twelve pairs of animals were used, previously conditioned by the operant conditioning technique with positive reinforcement to saliva collection. Samples were collected once a week for six months. In this experiment, the salivary secretory immunoglobulin A concentrations in Callithrix jacchus were very low. We suggest new studies using other techniques to quantify the IgA quantities in the saliva of these animals.

Abstract in Portuguese:

O principal anticorpo presente nas mucosas e glândulas exócrinas é uma IgA polimétrica denominada sIgA. Esta imunoglobulina vem sendo utilizada como indicadora de estresse em diversos animais incluindo primatas não humanos, podendo também ser utilizada para o monitoramento da atividade imunológica. A imunoglobulina A secretora é encontrada predominantemente em secreções seromucosas, como saliva, lágrimas, colostro, leite, liquor, bem como secreções traqueobrônquicas, intestinais e geniturinárias. O objetivo deste estudo foi mensurar os níveis da IgA salivar em Callithrix jacchus (sagui comum) através do teste de imunoabsorção enzimática (ELISA). Doze pares de animais foram previamente condicionados pela técnica de condicionamento operante com reforço positivo à coleta de saliva. As amostras foram coletadas uma vez por semana por seis meses. Neste experimento as concentrações de imunoglobulina salivar A secretora em Callithrix jacchus foram muito baixas. Nós sugerimos novos estudos utilizando outras técnicas para quantificar a IgA na saliva desses animais.


#16 - Supplementation with increasing doses of selenium associated with vitamin E in the treatment of bovines with enzootic hematuria

Abstract in English:

Bovine enzootic hematuria (BEH) is a clinical form of poisoning in cattle caused by the consumption of Pteridium spp. (bracken fern), which has no treatment. However, selenium (Se) and vitamin E supplementation are feasible. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of supplementation with increasing doses of selenium associated with vitamin E in cattle with BEH, compare the levels of Se in whole blood and blood serum, and evaluate the activity of glutathione peroxidase, total antioxidants, and the relative activity of the enzyme monoamine oxidase (MAO). Four groups of cattle with BEH were supplemented parenterally for 13 weeks with increasing doses of Se: Control group, Treatment group 1 (0.05mg/kg), Treatment group 2 (0.1mg/kg), and Treatment group 3 (0.2mg/kg). All groups received 500mg of vitamin E in combination with the Se supplementation. The measured variables included weight, hematuria intensity, hematocrit, total plasma protein, plasma fibrinogen, blood glutathione peroxidase activity, and total antioxidant levels. The blood concentrations of Se and relative MAO activity were evaluated every two weeks. Kruskal-Wallis and Friedman tests (P<0.05) were used to assess treatment and time effects, respectively, followed by Dunn’s multiple comparison test. For weight, total antioxidant concentration, and relative MAO, there was no significant difference (P>0.05) between the treatments, but there was a significant difference over time (P<0.05). For hematuria and hematocrit, there were significant treatment differences (P<0.05) but no significant time differences (P>0.05). For glutathione peroxidase, there was no significant difference (P>0.05) among the treatments, but there was a significant difference (P<0.05) between treatments M8 and M14 in Treatment group 3. There were no differences in the total plasma protein and fibrinogen levels between treatments or over time (P>0.05). Selenium levels were higher in Treatment group 1, reaching the highest concentration (235.3µg/L) in the blood serum at eight weeks. Therefore, supplementation with Se at a dose of 0.05mg/kg associated with vitamin E improved the clinical condition of hematuria but did not interfere with glutathione peroxidase activity or with levels of total antioxidants. MAO activity was reduced by vitamin E supplementation. These results indicate that the serum is the best site for measuring Se levels.

Abstract in Portuguese:

A hematúria enzoótica bovina (HEB) é uma forma clínica da intoxicação em bovinos causada pelo consumo de Pteridium sp. (samambaia) que não possui tratamento. Contudo, a suplementação utilizando selênio (Se) e vitamina E tem se mostrado viável. Objetivou-se avaliar os efeitos da suplementação com doses crescentes de selênio associado à vitamina E em bovinos com HEB, bem como, comparar os níveis de selênio em sangue total e soro sanguíneo, avaliar a atividade de glutationa peroxidase, os níveis de antioxidantes totais e a atividade relativa da enzima monoamina oxidase (MAO). Suplementou-se durante 13 semanas, por via parenteral, quatro grupos de bovinos com hematúria enzoótica (HEB), com doses crescentes de Se: Grupo controle, Grupo tratamento 1 (0,05mg/kg de Se), Grupo tratamento 2 (0,1mg/kg de Se) e Grupo tratamento 3 (0,2mg/kg de Se). Todos os grupos receberam em associação 500mg/animal de vitamina E. Quinzenalmente foram avaliadas as variáveis peso, intensidade de hematúria, hematócrito, proteína plasmática total, fibrinogênio plasmático, atividade sanguínea de glutationa peroxidase, níveis de antioxidantes totais, concentração sanguíneas de selênio e atividade relativa de monoamina oxidase. Utilizou-se os testes Kruskal Wallis e Friedman (P<0,05), para avaliar os efeitos dos tratamentos e do tempo, respectivamente, ambos seguidos do teste de comparação múltipla de Dunn. Para as variáveis peso, antioxidantes totais e atividade relativa de monoamina oxidase não houve diferença entre os tratamentos (P>0,05) e houve diferença ao longo do tempo (P<0,05). Para hematúria e hematócrito, houve diferença entre os tratamentos (P<0,05) e não houve diferença ao longo do tempo (P>0,05). Para a variável glutationa peroxidase, não houve diferença significativa entre os tratamentos (P>0,05), porém houve diferença entre os momentos M8 e M14, no Grupo tratamento 3 (P<0,05). Para proteína plasmática total e fibrinogênio não houve diferenças entre os tratamentos e nem ao longo do tempo (P>0,05). Os níveis de Se foram maiores no Grupo tratamento 1 atingindo a maior concentração no momento M8 no soro sanguíneo (235,3µg/L). Portanto, a suplementação com selênio na dose de 0,05mg/kg associada à vitamina E melhorou o quadro clínico de hematúria, mas não interferiu na atividade da glutationa peroxidase e nos níveis de antioxidantes totais. A atividade da monoamina oxidase foi reduzida globalmente pela suplementação de vitamina E. Estes resultados indicam que o soro foi o melhor local para medir o selênio.


#17 - Feline application/inflammation-associated sarcoma: Gross aspects and histomorphological

Abstract in English:

Feline injection-site sarcomas in felines account for more than 40% of cutaneous and subcutaneous neoplasms in felines. The present study aimed to describe the macroscopic and histomorphological findings of feline application/injection sarcomas. Samples from 31 feline tumors with a history of feline application/inflammation sarcoma were re-evaluated regarding histological subtype, mitotic index and score, depth of tissue invasion, and presence of inflammation considering the location, intensity and predominant cell types. Of the 31 samples from felines diagnosed with sarcoma at the application/inflammation site, 87.15% were cats with no defined breed (NDB), with a mean age of 8.5 years. The predominant anatomical sites were the back and flank/abdomen, both with 29% (9/31), and the prevalent histological subtype was fibrosarcoma at 77.4% (24/31), followed by anaplastic giant cell sarcoma at 12.9% (4/31) and myxosarcoma 9.6% (3/31). The histological grade with the highest number of cases was III (51.6%), followed by Grade II (35.4%) and I (12.9%). The mean of the longest axis measurements varied between the different tumor grades without being significant, with the average being 2.5±2.79cm in Grade I tumors and 3.2±2.28cm in Grade II tumors. and 4.68±2.07cm in Grade III tumors. Necrosis was observed in 74.2% of tumors. The tissue inflammation score was mild to moderate in 58% of cases and severe in 32.2%, with lymphocytic and lymphoplasmacytic infiltrates being prevalent, with 25.8% each, followed by lymphoplasmohistiocytic with 22.6%. The infiltration depth was 38.7% in muscle tissue, followed by 32.2% in the subcutaneous tissue. Pleomorphism was accentuated in 51.6%. Desmoplasia was moderate in 45.1%. Satellite nodules were present in 29% of cases, and 19.4% had macrophages with intracytoplasmic content suggestive of adjuvants. Surgical margins were infiltrated (M1) in 48.4% and narrowed in 25.8% (M2). The anatomical locations observed were different from those recommended by the Vaccine-Associated Feline Sarcoma Task Force (VAFST); in most cases, the adjuvanted macrophage was not present. From this data, we can suggest that sarcomas in felines are not only correlated to the vaccine application, corroborating the hypothesis that any material, whether liquid or solid, and any chronic inflammatory process in the subcutaneous tissue of cats can induce the entity if they are predisposed to do so. The detailed histomorphological data evaluated in this study were key points and provided important information about tumor behavior, being a tool for clinical-oncological decision-making.

Abstract in Portuguese:

Feline injection-site sarcomas in felines account for more than 40% of cutaneous and subcutaneous neoplasms in felines. The present study aimed to describe the macroscopic and histomorphological findings of feline application/injection sarcomas. Samples from 31 feline tumors with a history of feline application/inflammation sarcoma were re-evaluated regarding histological subtype, mitotic index and score, depth of tissue invasion, and presence of inflammation considering the location, intensity and predominant cell types. Of the 31 samples from felines diagnosed with sarcoma at the application/inflammation site, 87.15% were cats with no defined breed (NDB), with a mean age of 8.5 years. The predominant anatomical sites were the back and flank/abdomen, both with 29% (9/31), and the prevalent histological subtype was fibrosarcoma at 77.4% (24/31), followed by anaplastic giant cell sarcoma at 12.9% (4/31) and myxosarcoma 9.6% (3/31). The histological grade with the highest number of cases was III (51.6%), followed by Grade II (35.4%) and I (12.9%). The mean of the longest axis measurements varied between the different tumor grades without being significant, with the average being 2.5±2.79cm in Grade I tumors and 3.2±2.28cm in Grade II tumors. and 4.68±2.07cm in Grade III tumors. Necrosis was observed in 74.2% of tumors. The tissue inflammation score was mild to moderate in 58% of cases and severe in 32.2%, with lymphocytic and lymphoplasmacytic infiltrates being prevalent, with 25.8% each, followed by lymphoplasmohistiocytic with 22.6%. The infiltration depth was 38.7% in muscle tissue, followed by 32.2% in the subcutaneous tissue. Pleomorphism was accentuated in 51.6%. Desmoplasia was moderate in 45.1%. Satellite nodules were present in 29% of cases, and 19.4% had macrophages with intracytoplasmic content suggestive of adjuvants. Surgical margins were infiltrated (M1) in 48.4% and narrowed in 25.8% (M2). The anatomical locations observed were different from those recommended by the Vaccine-Associated Feline Sarcoma Task Force (VAFST); in most cases, the adjuvanted macrophage was not present. From this data, we can suggest that sarcomas in felines are not only correlated to the vaccine application, corroborating the hypothesis that any material, whether liquid or solid, and any chronic inflammatory process in the subcutaneous tissue of cats can induce the entity if they are predisposed to do so. The detailed histomorphological data evaluated in this study were key points and provided important information about tumor behavior, being a tool for clinical-oncological decision-making.


#18 - Infrared thermography used to detect local adverse reactions induced by reproductive vaccine adjuvants in Holstein heifers

Abstract in English:

Local adverse reactions following vaccination, often tied to the adjuvant type, can lead to pain, fever, reduced intake, and weight loss. Infrared thermography (IRT), a non-invasive human and veterinary medicine technique, can assess local inflammation. This study aimed to evaluate such reactions induced by reproductive vaccines with different adjuvants, using IRT alongside cardinal signs, rectal temperature, and haptoglobin concentration. Thirty-five Holstein heifers were grouped by vaccine type: Ah (aluminum hydroxide), Ow (oil-in-water), QAD (amphigen and quil A cholesterol and dimethyl-dioctadecyl ammonium bromide adjuvant), and a Control (saline solution). Assessments were made at 0, 6, 24-, 48-, 72-, and 168 hours post-vaccination for both doses, with an interval of 21 days. The local reactions were evaluated using the inflammatory cardinal signs and surface temperature measurement using IRT. The systemic reactions were identified by rectal temperature and the concentration of haptoglobin. A larger proportion of animals exhibiting local reactions based on scores assigned to the cardinal signs was found in the Vaccine QAD group, as well as the rectal temperature and the frequency of heifers with inflammation (Hp ≥2mg/dL). Nevertheless, Vaccine Ow demonstrated higher temperature at the site after the first vaccination dose for the IRT. Therefore, this approach is a valuable tool in classifying responses and local inflammation following vaccination in heifers with reproductive vaccines. Concurrently evaluating systemic manifestations, facilitates the surveillance of adverse reactions, thereby improving the discernment of the extent of systemic and local effects.

Abstract in Portuguese:

Reações adversas locais após a vacinação, frequentemente associadas ao tipo de adjuvante, podem levar a dor, febre, redução na ingestão e perda de peso. A termografia infravermelha (IRT), uma técnica não invasiva utilizada na medicina humana e veterinária, oferece um meio de avaliar a inflamação local. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar tais reações induzidas por vacinas reprodutivas com diferentes adjuvantes, utilizando IRT junto com sinais cardinais, temperatura retal e concentração de haptoglobina. Trinta e cinco novilhas Holandesas foram agrupadas por tipo de vacina: Ah (hidróxido de alumínio), Ow (óleo em água), QAD (anfígeno e adjuvante de quil A colesterol e brometo de amônio dimetil-dioctadecil) e Controle (solução salina). As avaliações foram realizadas às 0, 6, 24, 48, 72 e 168 horas pós-vacinação para ambas as doses, com um intervalo de 21 dias. As reações locais foram avaliadas pelos sinais cardinais inflamatórios e pela aferição da temperatura superficial usando IRT. As reações sistêmicas foram identificadas pela temperatura retal e pela concentração de haptoglobina (Hp). Uma proporção maior de animais exibindo reações locais com base nos escores atribuídos aos sinais cardinais foi encontrada no grupo Vacina QAD, assim como na temperatura retal e na frequência de novilhas com inflamação (Hp ≥2mg/dL). No entanto, para a IRT, a Vacina Ow demonstrou temperatura mais elevada no local após a primeira dose de vacinação. Portanto, essa abordagem é uma ferramenta valiosa para classificar as respostas e a inflamação local após a vacinação em novilhas com vacinas reprodutivas. Avaliar simultaneamente as manifestações sistêmicas facilita a vigilância das reações adversas, melhorando assim o discernimento da extensão dos efeitos tanto sistêmicos quanto locais.


#19 - The use of WhatsApp to identify previously undiagnosed and underreported ruminant and equine diseases in Mato Grosso do Sul

Abstract in English:

This study explores the use of WhatsApp as a tool for identifying previously undiagnosed and underreported diseases in ruminants and horses in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. The research, carried out from January 2022 to December 2023, involved a WhatsApp group of 302 public service and private sector veterinarians. The contacts were categorized as those that resulted in a necropsy by the veterinary diagnostic laboratory, the sending of a sample for histopathological analysis, or the non-sending of material. The results demonstrate the efficiency of using WhatsApp for diagnosing underreported diseases such as anaplasmosis, haemonchosis, rabies, blackleg disease, Mannheimia haemolytica pneumonia, bovine herpesvirus encephalitis, multiple mineral deficiency in cattle and copper poisoning in sheep, thus increasing diagnostic efficiency for veterinary laboratories. The tool also facilitated communication, resulting in an increase in conclusive diagnoses, the identification of previously undiagnosed diseases such as Chlamydia pecorum encephalomyelitis in buffalo, peripheral neuropathy in cattle, phosphorus deficiency in cattle, vitamin A deficiency, and perinatal pneumonia caused by Salmonella enterica subsp. arizonae in cattle. In addition, it was possible to identify underreported occurrences, such as cases of abortion and neonatal diarrhea and to implement the correction of diagnostic approaches in real-time via WhatsApp. The study concludes that WhatsApp improves communication between field veterinarians and diagnostic laboratories, providing valuable information on disease occurrence and diagnostic challenges.

Abstract in Portuguese:

Este estudo explora o uso do WhatsApp como ferramenta para identificação de doenças até então não diagnosticadas e subnotificadas em ruminantes e equinos em Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil. A pesquisa, realizada de janeiro de 2022 a dezembro de 2023, envolveu um grupo de WhatsApp composto por 302 veterinários do serviço público e da iniciativa privada. Os contatos foram categorizados naqueles que resultaram em necropsia pelo laboratório de diagnóstico veterinário, ao envio de amostra para análise histopatológica ou ao não envio de material. Os resultados demonstram a eficiência do uso do WhatsApp para o diagnóstico de doenças subnotificadas como a anaplasmose, hemoncose, raiva, carbúnculo sintomático, pneumonia por Mannheimia haemolytica, encefalite por herpesvírus bovino, deficiência mineral múltipla em bovinos e intoxicação por cobre em ovinos, ampliando assim a eficiência diagnóstica para os laboratórios veterinários. A ferramenta também facilitou a comunicação, resultando em aumento de diagnósticos conclusivos, identificação de doenças não diagnosticadas previamente como a encefalomielite por Chlamydia pecorum em búfalos, neuropatia periférica em bovinos, deficiência de fósforo em bovinos, deficiência de vitamina A e a pneumonia perinatal por Salmonella enterica subsp. arizonae em bovinos. Além disso, foi possível identificar ocorrências subnotificadas como casos de aborto e diarreia neonatal, e implementar a correção de abordagens diagnósticas em tempo real via WhatsApp. O estudo conclui que o WhatsApp melhora a comunicação entre veterinários de campo e laboratórios de diagnóstico, fornecendo informações valiosas sobre a ocorrência de doenças e desafios de diagnóstico.


#20 - Antimicrobial multiresistance and biofilm formation in Salmonella enterica isolated from broiler production chain

Abstract in English:

Poultry and poultry products are considered the predominant sources of Salmonella enterica contamination and are important reservoirs of bacteria with antimicrobial resistance. The objective of this study was to identify Salmonella with multidrug resistance (MDR) phenotype, with the ability to form biofilms and elucidate the presence of genes that encode antimicrobial resistance in isolates from the broiler production chain in the state of Maranhão, Brazil. A total of 121 strains of S. enterica of different serovars were evaluated for antimicrobial susceptibility, and of these, 26 strains were used to detect the ability to form biofilms and identify resistance genes using PCR. Antimicrobial resistance was observed in 95 (78.5%) Salmonella isolates, and 57 (47.1%) showed MDR phenotype. The isolates showed greater resistance to the sulfonamide principles (58.7%), trimethoprim (48.8%), tetracycline (45.4%), nalidixic acid (44.6%), amoxicillin and ampicillin (26.4%), and cefazolin (22.3%). Salmonella Schwarzengrund (n=21/61.7%), Albany (n=15/62.5%), and Enteritidis (n=4/44.5%) showed the highest indices of MDR phenotype. The ability to form biofilms at 37°C was found in 13 of the 26 strains evaluated, which were considered poor producers. The resistance genes blaCTX-M, blaCTX-M2, blaSHV, sul1, sul2, tetA, tetB, tetC, tetE, dfrA12, and dfrA1 were observed in the serovars Schwarzengrund, Albany, Enteritidis, Heidelberg, and Typhimurium. The results showed a high occurrence of S. enterica, with multiple resistance to conventional antimicrobials and the ability to form biofilms in the poultry production chain.

Abstract in Portuguese:

As aves e os produtos de origem aviária são fontes de contaminação predominantes de Salmonella enterica e importantes reservatórios de bactérias com resistência antimicrobiana. Objetivou-se identificar Salmonella com fenótipos de multirresistência a drogas (MDR), com a capacidade de formação de biofilmes e a presença de genes que codificam resistência antimicrobiana em isolados da cadeia de frangos de corte, do estado Maranhão, Brasil. Avaliaram-se 121 cepas de S. enterica de sorovares diferentes quanto ao teste de suscetibilidade aos antimicrobianos e destas, 26 cepas para detecção da capacidade de formar biofilmes e genes de resistência pela técnica de PCR. Foram encontradas resistência antimicrobiana em 95 (78,5%) dos isolados de Salmonella e 57 (47,1%) apresentaram fenótipos MDR. Os isolados apresentaram maior resistência aos princípios sulfonamida (58,7%), trimetoprim (48,8%), tetraciclina (45,4%), ácido nalidíxico (44,6%), amoxicilina e ampicilina (26,4%) e cefazolin (22,3%). Os sorovares Salmonella Schwarzengrund (n=21/61.7%), Albany (n=15/62.5%) e Enteritidis (n=4/44.5%) apresentaram os maiores índices de fenótipos MDR. A capacidade de formar biofilmes foi encontrada em 13 cepas avaliadas, consideradas fracamente produtoras. Nos sorovares S. Schwarzengrund, Albany, Enteritidis, Heidelberg e Typhimurium foram detectados os genes de resistência blaCTX-M, blaCTX-M2, blaSHV, sul1, sul2, tetA, tetB, tetC, tetE, dfrA12 e dfrA1. Os resultados evidenciaram a elevada ocorrência de fenótipos de S. enterica com resistência múltipla a antimicrobianos convencionais, com capacidade de formar biofilmes, na cadeia produtiva de aves destinadas ao consumo humano.


Colégio Brasileiro de Patologia Animal SciELO Brasil CAPES CNPQ UFRRJ CFMV