Resultado da pesquisa (591)
Termo utilizado na pesquisa AST
#1 - Fungi isolated from wild birds in the Marambaia Island, Rio de Janeiro State, southeastern Brazil
Abstract in English:
In Brazil, the Atlantic Forest has been suffering from deforestation, which has had impacts on its flora, fauna, and microbiota. However, the fungal diversity present in these environments is little known and studied. In this study, a total of 90 samples of 45 wild birds (45 feathers and 45 feces) were collected in Ilha da Marambaia, southeastern Brazil. Filamentous fungi isolated from these samples were identified through macroscopic and microscopic characteristics. Some isolates were identified by molecular biology using the PCR technique. Acremonium, Alternaria, Aspergillus, Cunninghamella, Curvularia, Eurotium, Fusarium, Geotrichum, Neosartorya, Pestalotia, Paecilomyces, Penicillium, Rhizopus, Mucor and Syncephalastrum were identified. These results indicate the presence of saprophytic fungi species in the feathers and feces of wild birds of the capture site. Further studies should be conducted to elucidate if the mycobiota profile modifies with anthropization and if it interferes with bird health and environmental recovery.
Abstract in Portuguese:
No Brasil, a Mata Atlântica vem sofrendo com o desmatamento, que tem impactado sua flora, fauna e microbiota. No entanto, a diversidade fúngica presente nesses ambientes é pouco conhecida e estudada. Neste trabalho, um total de 90 amostras de 45 aves silvestres (45 penas e 45 fezes) foram coletadas na Ilha da Marambaia, Sudeste do Brasil. Fungos filamentosos isolados dessas amostras foram identificados por meio de características macroscópicas e microscópicas. Alguns isolados foram identificados por biologia molecular usando a técnica de PCR. Foram identificados Acremonium, Alternaria, Aspergillus, Cunninghamella, Curvularia, Eurotium, Fusarium, Geotrichum, Neosartorya, Pestalotia, Paecilomyces, Penicillium, Rhizopus, Mucor e Syncephalastrum. Esses resultados indicam a presença de espécies de fungos saprofíticos nas penas e fezes de aves silvestres do local de captura. Novos estudos devem ser realizados a fim de elucidar se o perfil da micobiota se modifica com a antropização e se interfere na saúde das aves e na recuperação ambiental.
#2 - Male reproductive tract disorders in equids: 87 cases (2014-2022)
Abstract in English:
Male reproductive tract disorders (MRTDs) are common in equids and may represent a significant proportion of the caseload of equine practitioners. Herein, we determined the frequency, clinico-pathological findings, and therapeutics of MRTDs in equids from a 9-year survey of the clinical records of a Veterinary Teaching Hospital in Midwestern Brazil. During this period, 87 affected equids presented 100 MRTDs distributed in 17 different diagnoses. Forty-three (49.4%) equids presented MRTDs affecting the glans penis or preputial skin fold. Testicles, scrotum, and spermatic cords disorders were diagnosed in 32 (36.8%) horses. Of the remaining 12 (13.8%) horses, six presented two different MRTDs on two distinct anatomical areas, and five animals exhibited the same disease, affecting two different anatomical locations. Only one horse presented three distinct MRTDs on two anatomical regions. Habronemiasis was the most frequent MRTD detected in 26% of the diagnoses, followed by miscellaneous wounds (14%), cryptorchidism (13%), inguinal hernia (13%), funiculitis (9%), paraphimosis (6%), squamous cell carcinoma (5%), urethrolithiasis (3%), preputial abscesses, and orchitis (2% each). Phimosis, ulcerative posthitis, epididymitis, hydrocele, papillomatosis, teratoma, and testicular torsion accounted for 1% each. Sixty-three (72.5%) equids received hospital discharge, 18 (20.6%) were humanely euthanized, and six (6.9%) died. This study detected the most relevant MRTDs that affected over 7.5% in a survey of 1,154 equids referred for hospital care. Our finding highlights that MRTDs may be debilitating and life-threatening conditions, and they can potentially impact the reproduction of equids in the region. This knowledge may support equine practitioners in elaborating proper sanitary and management protocols to prevent and reduce the incidence of most MRTDs recorded, improving equid production and welfare.
Abstract in Portuguese:
Distúrbios do trato reprodutivo masculino (DTRMs) são comuns em equídeos e podem representar uma proporção significativa da casuística de hipiatras. Determinamos a frequência, os achados clínico-patológicos e a terapêutica de DTRMs em equídeos a partir de um levantamento de nove anos dos registros clínicos em um Hospital Veterinário no Centro-Oeste do Brasil. Nesse período, 87 equinos afetados apresentaram 100 DTRMs distribuídos em 17 diagnósticos diferentes. Quarenta e três (49,4%) equídeos apresentaram DTRM afetando a glande peniana ou pregas de pele prepucial. Distúrbios dos testículos, escroto e cordão espermático foram diagnosticados em 32 (36,8%) equinos. Dos 12 (13,8%) equinos restantes, seis apresentaram dois DTRMs diferentes em duas áreas anatômicas distintas, e cinco animais exibiram a mesma doença em duas localizações anatômicas diferentes. Apenas um cavalo apresentou três DTRMs distintas em duas regiões anatômicas. A habronemíase foi a DTRM mais frequente detectada em 26% dos diagnósticos, seguida por feridas diversas (14%), criptorquidismo (13%), hérnia inguinal (13%), funiculite (9%), parafimose (6%), carcinoma de células escamosas (5%), uretrolitíase (3%), abscessos prepuciais e orquite (2% cada). Fimose, postite ulcerativa, epididimite, hidrocele, papilomatose, teratoma e torção testicular representaram 1% cada. Sessenta e três (72,5%) equídeos receberam alta hospitalar, 18 (20,6%) foram sacrificados humanitariamente e seis (6,9%) morreram. Este estudo detectou as DTRMs mais relevantes que afetaram 7,5% dos pacientes em um levantamento de 1.154 equídeos encaminhados para atendimento hospitalar. Este achado destaca que as DTRMs podem ser condições debilitantes e com risco de morte, e podem impactar potencialmente a reprodução de equídeos na região. Este conhecimento pode ajudar os hipiatras a elaborar protocolos sanitários e de manejo adequados para prevenir e reduzir a incidência da maioria das DTRMs registradas, melhorando a produção e o bem-estar dos equídeos.
#3 - Body condition, external morphology, parasitology, and histological and biometrical study of the gastrointestinal tract of Sporophila nigricollis and Sporophila caerulescens seized from trafficking in Northeastern Brazil
Abstract in English:
The objective was to analyze Sporophila nigricollis and Sporophila caerulescens in terms of body conditions, parasitological, bacteriological, external biometric measurements, and histological analysis of the gastrointestinal tract. We used 115 individuals apprehended from 2020 to 2021 and sent to the Wild Animal Triage Center, Paraíba, Brazil. Concerning weight, S. nigricollis, females and males presented 9.36±1.36g and 9.70±1.39g, and S. caerulescens with 10.5±0.70g and 11.75±1.28g, being the second heaviest. The body condition in 69.62% of S. nigricollis and 62.50% of S. caerulescens was good. In the fecal microbiological examination, 40.25% of S. nigricollis and 40% of S. caerulescens were positive for Isospora sp. Dispharynx sp. was reported for the first time in S. nigricollis and S. caerulescens. In fecal bacteriology, 95.65% of S. nigricollis were identified with Gram-positive cocci and 73.91% with Gram-positive bacilli. Forty-one animals died and were placed under refrigeration for 48 hours; of these, 31.16% of S. nigricollis and 37.50% of S. caerulescens presented inadequate body conditions. 19.51% had gastrointestinal tract engorgement with hemorrhagic points, and 14.63% had hepatic alteration due to yellowish coloration. The study contributes with subsidies for the taxonomic elucidation of the genus Sporophila, in addition to the knowledge of the conditions in which birds are found in sorting centers, once the destination of most of the seized animals is the release, thus, a potential source of pathogens to the natural environment.
Abstract in Portuguese:
O objetivo foi analisar Sporophila nigricollis e Sporophila caerulescens quanto às condições corporais, parasitológicas, bacteriológicas, medidas biométricas externas e análise histológica do trato gastrointestinal. Foram utilizados 115 indivíduos apreendidos entre 2020 e 2021 e encaminhados ao Centro de Triagem de Animais Silvestres, Paraíba, Brasil. Quanto ao peso, S. nigricollis, fêmeas e machos apresentaram, 9,36±1,36g e 9,70±1,39g, e S. caerulescens com 10,5±0,70g e 11,75±1,28g, sendo o segundo mais pesado. A condição corporal em 69,62% de S. nigricollis e 62,50% de S. caerulescens foi boa. No exame microbiológico fecal, 40,25% de S. nigricollis e 40% de S. caerulescens foram positivos para Isospora sp. Dispharynx sp. foi relatada pela primeira vez em S. nigricollis e S. caerulescens. Na bacteriologia fecal, 95,65% dos S. nigricollis foram identificados com cocos Gram-positivos e 73,91% com bacilos Gram-positivos. Quarenta e um animais morreram e foram colocados sob refrigeração por 48 horas; destes, 31,16% de S. nigricollis e 37,50% de S. caerulescens apresentaram condições corporais inadequadas. 19,51% apresentaram ingurgitamento do trato gastrointestinal com pontos hemorrágicos e 14,63% alteração hepática devido à coloração amarelada. O estudo contribui com subsídios para a elucidação taxonômica do gênero Sporophila, além do conhecimento das condições em que as aves se encontram nos centros de triagem, uma vez que a maior parte dos animais apreendidos tem como destino a soltura, sendo assim, uma potencial fonte de patógenos para o ambiente natural.
#4 - Fusobacterium necrophorum predominates in the microbiota of mandibular dental abscess in Blastocerus dichotomus
Abstract in English:
Dental abscess in ruminants is an acute polymicrobial infection, usually resulting from periodontal disease or endodontic infection, with consequences for animal health and welfare. The present study aimed to describe the bacterial microbiota of dental abscesses in Blastocerus dichotomus. Biological material from mandibular dental abscesses, punctured with a sterile syringe and needle during routine veterinary curative procedures or necropsies, was collected from three ex-situ marsh deer. Bacteria were identified using high-throughput sequencing of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene. The three specimens had the presence of facial bulging, and two died because of severe emaciation with a history of progressive weight loss. Bacteroides (38.6%), Fusobacterium (36.65%), and Porphyromonas (7.49%) represented the most abundant genera and Fusobacterium necrophorum (35.69%), Porphyromonas levii (3.12%) and Porphyromonas gulae (1.78%) were among the ten most represented species in the microbiota of mandibular abscess in Blastocerus dichotomus. These molecular findings demonstrate a broader diversity of species in the polymicrobial nature of dental abscesses in B. dichotomus than was previously reported when culture-dependent methods were used in the diagnosis.
Abstract in Portuguese:
O abcesso dentário em ruminantes é uma infeção polimicrobiana aguda, geralmente resultante de doença periodontal ou infeção endodôntica, com consequências para a saúde e bem-estar animal. O presente estudo teve como objetivo descrever a microbiota bacteriana de abscessos dentários em Blastocerus dichotomus. Material biológico de abscessos dentários mandibulares, puncionados com seringa e agulha estéril durante procedimentos curativos veterinários de rotina ou necropsias, foi coletado de três cervos do pantanal criados ex situ. As bactérias foram identificadas usando sequenciamento de alto rendimento do gene 16S ribossomal RNA. Os três espécimes apresentavam abaulamento facial e dois faleceram por emagrecimento severo com histórico de emagrecimento progressivo. Bacteroides (38,6%), Fusobacterium (36,65%) e Porphyromonas (7,49%) representaram os gêneros mais abundantes e Fusobacterium necrophorum (35,69%), Porphyromonas levii (3,12%) e Porphyromonas gulae (1,78%) estavam entre as dez espécies mais representadas na microbiota do abscesso mandibular em Blastocerus dichotomus. Esses achados moleculares demonstram uma diversidade mais ampla de espécies na natureza polimicrobiana dos abscessos dentários em B. dichotomus, do que o relatado anteriormente quando métodos dependentes de cultura foram utilizados no diagnóstico.
#5 - Cestrum axillare hepatotoxicity in cattle in the Distrito Federal, Goiás and Minas Gerais
Abstract in English:
This study reports four outbreaks of Cestrum axillare poisoning in cattle. Outbreaks occurred in farms of the Distrito Federal, Goiás, and Minas Gerais states during the dry season, affecting cows and heifers, with a mortality rate of 1 to 14,28%. Poisoned animals showed neurological signs and recumbency, followed by death within 12 hours, and some animals were found dead. Gross and histological lesions were typical of acute hepatotoxicity with hepatomegaly, enhancement of lobular pattern, and centrilobular to massive necrosis. This study seems to be the first report on C. axillare poisoning in cattle in the Distrito Federal, Goiás, and Triângulo Mineiro. C. axillare poisoning must be included in the differential diagnosis for cattle with hepatic necrosis in these locations.
Abstract in Portuguese:
Este estudo relata quatro surtos de intoxicação por Cestrum axillare em bovinos. Os surtos ocorreram em fazendas do Distrito Federal, Goiás e Minas Gerais durante a estação seca, afetando vacas e novilhas, com taxa de mortalidade de 1 a 14,28%. Os animais afetados apresentaram sinais neurológicos e decúbito, seguidos de óbito em 12 horas. Alguns animais foram encontrados mortos. Foram observadas lesões macroscópicas e histológicas típicas de hepatotoxicidade aguda como hepatomegalia, evidenciação do padrão lobular e necrose centrolobular a massiva. Este é o primeiro relato de intoxicação por C. axillare em bovinos no Distrito Federal, Goiás e Triângulo Mineiro. A intoxicação por Cestrum axillare deve ser incluída no diagnóstico diferencial de bovinos com necrose hepática nessas localidades.
#6 - Histopathological characterization and analysis of cell proliferation in 162 cases of canine subcutaneous mast cell tumors in Brazil
Abstract in English:
here are limited publications about canine subcutaneous mast cell tumors (MCT). International studies have shown that subcutaneous MCT has longer survival times than cutaneous MCT, with lower recurrence and metastasis rates. In addition, subcutaneous MCT has a specific histopathological classification (circumscribed, combined, or infiltrative pattern). Our study evaluated 162 cases of subcutaneous MCT diagnosed from 2014 to 2017 in Brazil. The mean age of the animals was 8.6 years, with a predominance of females and higher incidence in dogs with mixed breed (n=40), followed by Boxer (n=20), Labrador Retriever (n=14), Golden Retriever (n=11) and Pug (n=10). Regarding histopathological characterization, the most common infiltrative pattern represented 54.3% of cases, followed by circumscribed (34.8%) and combined (11%) patterns. The mean mitotic index (MI) was 1.04, with 93.9% of cases presenting MI≤4 and 53.1% MI=0. The data found in this Brazilian study regarding subcutaneous MCT does not differ from those described in American studies, suggesting similar genetic and epidemiological factors. The evaluated proliferation indices suggest that subcutaneous MCT presents slow progression and should be evaluated as a distinct form of cutaneous MCT.
Abstract in Portuguese:
Há poucas informações prognósticas sobre o mastocitoma (MCT) subcutâneo em cães, apresentando maiores tempos de sobrevida e menores taxas de recidiva e metástase em comparação ao MCT cutâneo. Além disso, o MCT subcutâneo canino segue a classificação histopatológica própria, sendo subdivididos de acordo com o padrão em: circunscrito, combinado ou infiltrativo. Sendo assim, o principal objetivo desse estudo foi caracterizar a incidência e as características histopatológicas de MCT subcutâneos no Brasil. Para isso, foram avaliadas 164 amostras de MCT subcutâneos diagnosticados entre o período de 2014 a 2017 no Brasil. A média de idade dos animais foi de 8,6 anos (variação de 3 a 20 anos), com predomínio de fêmeas (64,8%) e maior incidência em cães sem raça definida (n=40), seguido de Boxer (n=20), Labrador Retriever (n=14), Golden retriever (n=11) e Pug (n=10). Em relação a caracterização histopatológica, o padrão infiltrativo foi o mais comum representando 54,3% dos casos, seguido dos padrões circunscritos (34,8%) e combinados (11%). Quanto a contagem de mitose (CM), 93,8% dos casos apresentam CM≤4 e, em 53,1%, CM=0. Os dados encontrados nesse estudo brasileiro em relação ao MCT subcutâneo reforçam outros trabalhos realizados em diferentes regiões demográficas, sugerindo fatores genéticos e epidemiológicos para a doença. Por fim, os índices de proliferação avaliados sugerem que o MCT subcutâneo apresenta progressão lenta devendo ser avaliado como uma forma distinta do MCT cutâneo.
#7 - Clinical, pathological and immunohistochemical characterization of spontaneous neoplasms in pet rodents in Northeastern Brazil
Abstract in English:
In the last decade, there has been a significant increase in the demand for small rodents such as hamsters, guinea pigs, rats, and mice to be kept as pets. Consequently, the veterinary care provided to these animals has also increased. The aim of this study was to describe gross, histopathological and immunohistochemical findings of 26 spontaneous neoplasms diagnosed in 25 pet rodents in Northeastern Brazil. A retrospective study was carried out from 2014 to 2022 in two veterinary diagnostic laboratories to identify cases of tumoriform lesions in these species. Hamsters represented the most frequent species in this study (60%, 15/25), followed by rats (28%, 7/25), guinea pigs (8%, 2/25), and mice (4%, 1/25), with a mean age of 17.63 months. The anatomical regions of the face/head and thoracic region were the most affected. The most affected tissues were the skin/subcutaneous/mucosal (65%, 15/26) and mammary gland (23%, 6/26). Eighteen different types of neoplasms were diagnosed, and T-cell lymphomas and mammary adenocarcinomas were the most diagnosed tumors, each corresponding to 12% (3/26) of the cases. Leiomyosarcoma, myxosarcoma and mammary adenocarcinoma metastases were also noted. Immunohistochemistry was essential for the diagnosis of certain malignant mesenchymal and round-cell neoplasms. Pet rodent neoplasms in Northeastern Brazil are common, especially in hamsters, and immunohistochemistry can be a useful tool for the definitive diagnosis of these tumors.
Abstract in Portuguese:
In the last decade, there has been a significant increase in the demand for small rodents such as hamsters, guinea pigs, rats, and mice to be kept as pets. Consequently, the veterinary care provided to these animals has also increased. The aim of this study was to describe gross, histopathological and immunohistochemical findings of 26 spontaneous neoplasms diagnosed in 25 pet rodents in Northeastern Brazil. A retrospective study was carried out from 2014 to 2022 in two veterinary diagnostic laboratories to identify cases of tumoriform lesions in these species. Hamsters represented the most frequent species in this study (60%, 15/25), followed by rats (28%, 7/25), guinea pigs (8%, 2/25), and mice (4%, 1/25), with a mean age of 17.63 months. The anatomical regions of the face/head and thoracic region were the most affected. The most affected tissues were the skin/subcutaneous/mucosal (65%, 15/26) and mammary gland (23%, 6/26). Eighteen different types of neoplasms were diagnosed, and T-cell lymphomas and mammary adenocarcinomas were the most diagnosed tumors, each corresponding to 12% (3/26) of the cases. Leiomyosarcoma, myxosarcoma and mammary adenocarcinoma metastases were also noted. Immunohistochemistry was essential for the diagnosis of certain malignant mesenchymal and round-cell neoplasms. Pet rodent neoplasms in Northeastern Brazil are common, especially in hamsters, and immunohistochemistry can be a useful tool for the definitive diagnosis of these tumors.
#8 - Streptococcus lutetiensis and Streptococcus equinus as potential emerging bovine mastitis pathogens
Abstract in English:
The current study characterizes the genetic distribution of virulence and antimicrobial resistance of Streptococcus lutetiensis and Streptococcus equinus isolated from cows with clinical mastitis using whole genome sequencing (WGS). Although they are not the protagonist species within the genus Streptococcus, recent studies have isolated these species associated with bovine mastitis. In addition, these species are reported and isolated from humans and other animals. A total of four strains of S. lutetiensis and one of S. equinus were isolated from five cows with identified cases of clinical mastitis at a dairy farm near Ithaca, New York. Nineteen genes associated with antimicrobial resistance and 20 genes associated with virulence were identified in the analyzed strains. All strains presented genes associated with resistance: alr, ddl, gdpD, kasA, murA, lsa(E), msr(D), mef(A), gidB, and LiaF. Resistance genes associated with several different classes of antibiotics have also been reported. Sixteen virulence-associated genes were identified in all strains. Based on our findings, we conclude that the studied species have the potential to cause mastitis in cattle, and further studies are important to elucidate their role.
Abstract in Portuguese:
O presente estudo caracteriza a distribuição genética de virulência e resistência antimicrobiana de Streptococcus lutetiensis e Streptococcus equinus isolados de vacas com mastite clínica usando sequenciamento completo do genoma. Apesar de não serem as espécies protagonistas dentro do gênero Streptococcus, estudos recentes têm isolado essas espécies associadas à mastite bovina. Além disso, essas espécies são relatadas e isoladas de humanos e outros animais. Um total de quatro cepas de S. lutetiensis e uma de S. equinus foram isoladas de cinco vacas com casos identificados de mastite clínica em uma fazenda leiteira perto de Ithaca, Nova York. Dezenove genes associados à resistência antimicrobiana e 20 genes associados à virulência foram identificados nas cepas analisadas. Todas as linhagens apresentaram genes associados à resistência: alr, ddl, gdpD, kasA, murA, lsa(E), msr(D), mef(A), gidB e LiaF. Genes de resistência associados a várias classes diferentes de antibióticos também foram relatados. Dezesseis genes associados à virulência foram identificados em todas as cepas. Com base em nossos achados, concluímos que as espécies estudadas têm potencial para causar mastite em bovinos e mais estudos são importantes para elucidar seu papel.
#9 - Anthelmintic intoxication in small ruminants diagnosed in Northeastern Brazil
Abstract in English:
The clinical, epidemiological and anatomopathological findings of anthelmintic poisoning in small ruminants diagnosed at the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Campina Grande, Patos, Paraíba, from January 2000 to December 2022 are described. A total of 1,928 necropsies were carried out on small ruminants, of which 1,032 were goats and 896 sheep. Four outbreaks of anthelmintic poisoning were identified in these species: one outbreak of ivermectin in sheep, one outbreak of disophenol in goats and sheep and two outbreaks of nitroxinil in goats. These intoxications accounted for 0.78% and 0.23% of goat and sheep diseases diagnosed routinely. In the case of ivermectin poisoning, the animal had neurological clinical signs, and no macroscopic or histopathological alterations were observed. In the outbreaks of disophenol and nitroxinil, the animals showed anorexia, hyperthermia, tachycardia, tremors, dyspnea, incoordination and limb rigidity. Macroscopically, there were liver and kidney lesions associated with circulatory alterations, such as hemorrhages and edema. Microscopically, necrosis and degeneration of hepatocytes and tubular epithelial cells associated with hemorrhage and congestion were observed. The prevalence of these intoxications in small ruminants is considered low in the Semi-arid Northeast, but outbreaks can occur with high lethality in herds. The main risk factor for the occurrence of intoxications was overdose, combined with other factors such as the age of the animals, high environmental temperature, constant exercise and low body score, which increased the toxicity of anthelmintics.
Abstract in Portuguese:
Descrevem-se os achados clínicos, epidemiológicos e anatomopatológicos das intoxicações por anti-helmínticos em pequenos ruminantes diagnosticadas no Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Patos, Paraíba, durante o período de janeiro de 2000 a dezembro de 2022. Foram realizadas 1.928 necropsias de pequenos ruminantes, sendo 1.032 caprinos e 896 ovinos. Destes, foram identificados quatro surtos de intoxicação por anti-helmínticos nessas espécies: um surto de intoxicação por ivermectina em ovino, um surto de disofenol em caprinos e ovinos e dois surtos por nitroxinil em caprinos. Essas intoxicações representaram 0,78% e 0,23% das doenças de caprinos e ovinos diagnosticadas na rotina, respectivamente. Na intoxicação por ivermectina o animal apresentava sinais clínicos neurológicos e não foram observadas alterações macroscópicas e histopatológicas. Nos surtos de disofenol e nitroxinil, os animais demonstravam anorexia, hipertermia, taquicardia, tremores, dispneia, incoordenação e rigidez de membros. Macroscopicamente observou-se lesões hepáticas e renais associadas a alterações circulatórias como hemorragias e edemas. Microscopicamente observou-se necrose e degeneração de hepatócitos e das células epiteliais tubulares associadas a hemorragia e congestão. A prevalência dessas intoxicações em pequenos ruminantes é considerada baixa no Semiárido nordestino, entretanto, os surtos podem ocorrer com alta letalidade nos rebanhos. O principal fator de risco para a ocorrência das intoxicações foi a sobredosagem aliada aos demais fatores como idade dos animais, temperatura ambiental alta, exercício constante e escore corporal baixo, que provocaram o aumento da toxicidade dos anti-helmínticos.
#10 - Detection of multiple circulating sandflies species and investigation of dogs and vectors naturally infected with Leishmania in the city of Ribeirão Vermelho, southeastern Brazil
Abstract in English:
Leishmaniasis is a zoonotic disease caused by parasites of the Leishmania genus, resulting in various clinical forms, including a highly lethal visceral form. This study aimed to identify Leishmania spp. in sandflies and dogs in a small Brazilian town. DPP® Visceral Canine Leishmaniasis (CVL) was used for screening, and ELISA and conventional PCR were used for confirmatory testing, while sandflies were captured using CDC light traps and conventional PCR targeting ITS1. The Hill series was used to identify the diversity profile of species in the sampled area using R software. The study identified a Leishmania spp. prevalence of 4.02% in dogs, exceeding the 2% limit required by the Brazilian Ministry of Health. A total of 443 sandflies belonging to 14 different species were identified, with Lutzomyia longipalpis being the most abundant (73.81%). Negligence regarding leishmaniasis in small towns can lead to late diagnosis, hence the need to implement effective strategies, including early diagnosis and treatment of human and canine cases, vector control programs, and awareness campaigns to educate the public about risks and preventive measures. These measures can help prevent the spread of leishmaniasis and improve health outcomes for affected individuals and animals.
Abstract in Portuguese:
A leishmaniose é uma doença zoonótica causada por parasitas do gênero Leishmania, resultando em várias formas clínicas, incluindo uma forma visceral altamente letal. Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar Leishmania spp. DNA em flebotomíneos e cães em uma pequena cidade brasileira. A investigação usou DPP® Visceral Canine Leishmaniasis (CVL) para triagem, e ELISA e PCR convencional para teste confirmatório, enquanto flebotomíneos foram capturados usando armadilhas de luz CDC e PCR convencional visando ITS1. A série Hill foi utilizada para identificar o perfil de diversidade das espécies na área amostrada, utilizando o software R. O estudo identificou uma prevalência de Leishmania spp. em 4,02% dos cães, ultrapassando o limite de 2% exigido pelo Ministério da Saúde do Brasil. Foi identificado um total de 443 flebotomíneos, pertencentes a 14 espécies diferentes, com Lutzomyia longipalpis sendo o mais abundante (73,81%). A negligência com a leishmaniose em cidades pequenas pode levar ao diagnóstico tardio, daí a necessidade de implementar estratégias eficazes, incluindo diagnóstico precoce e tratamento de casos humanos e caninos, programas de controle de vetores e campanhas de conscientização para educar o público sobre riscos e medidas preventivas. Essas medidas podem ajudar a prevenir a propagação da leishmaniose e melhorar os resultados de saúde para indivíduos e animais afetados.
