Resultado da pesquisa (1206)

Termo utilizado na pesquisa pH

#961 - Meningoencephalitis in sheep caused by Listeria monocytogenes, 30(1):51-56

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Rissi D.R., Kommers G.D., Marcolongo-Pereira C., Schild A.L. & Barros C.S.L. 2010. [Meningoencephalitis in sheep caused by Listeria monocytogenes.] Meningoencefalite por Listeria monocytogenes em ovinos. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 30(1):51-56. Departamento de Patologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil. E-mail: claudioslbarros@uol.com.br Seven cases of neurological disease in sheep caused by Listeria monocytogenes in Rio Grande do Sul and Paraná state, southern Brazil are described. The cases occurred between 2000 and 2007 and 12-24-month-old sheep were affected. Overall morbidity and lethality rates were 3.15% and 100%, respectively. Cases occurred in the summer and early spring. When this information was available, affected sheep had not been fed with silage. In three farms there were close contact among affected sheep and other species. Clinical signs were characterized by recumbency (7/7), head tilt (4/7), incoordination (3/7), depression (3/7), circling (2/7), unilateral blindness, wasting, fever, midriasis, paddling, opisthotonus, hind or hind and fore limb paralysis, drooling, and muscle tremors (1/7 each). Clinical evolution varied from 12 hours to three days. Histological findings consisted of predominantly unilateral, micro-abscedative encephalitis with variable degrees of gliosis and degenerative lesions characterized by axonal spheroids and infiltration by Gitter cells. These lesions were observed extending from medulla oblongata to mesencephalon. Listeria monocytogenes antigen was showed by imunohistochemistry in routinely processed sections of brainstem from all seven affected sheep. The diagnostic was based on epidemiological, clinical, and pathological findings and confirmed by immunohistochemistry (IHQ) using polyclonal anti-L. monocytogenes antibody.

Abstract in Portuguese:

RESUMO.- Rissi D.R., Kommers G.D., Marcolongo-Pereira C., Schild A.L. & Barros C.S.L. 2010. [Meningoencephalitis in sheep caused by Listeria monocytogenes.] Meningoencefalite por Listeria monocytogenes em ovinos. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 30(1):51-56. Departamento de Patologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil. E-mail: claudioslbarros@uol.com.br São descritos sete casos de doença neurológica em ovinos por Listeria monocytogenes no Rio Grande do Sul e Paraná entre 2000 e 2007. Foram afetados ovinos com idades entre 12-24 meses. Os casos ocorreram no verão e início da primavera e os índices gerais de morbidade e letalidade foram de 3,15% e 100%, respectivamente. Quando essa informação estava disponível, nenhum dos ovinos afetados era alimentado com silagem. Em três propriedades havia contato próximo dos ovinos afetados com outras espécies. A evolução do quadro clínico foi de 12 horas a três dias e os sinais clínicos foram caracterizados por decúbito (7/7), desvio da cabeça (4/7), incoordenação (3/7), depressão (3/7), andar em círculos (2/7), cegueira unilateral, emagrecimento progressivo, febre, midríase, movimentos de pedalagem, nistagmo lateral, opistótono, paralisia flácida dos membros pélvicos ou dos quatro membros, salivação excessiva e tremores (1/7 cada). Histologicamente observou-se encefalite com microabscessos, predominantemente unilateral com variáveis graus de gliose e alterações degenerativas como esferóides axonais e infiltração de células Gitter. As lesões se estendiam desde a medula oblonga até o mesencéfalo. Antígenos de Listeria monocytogenes foram detectados por imuno-histoquímica em seções de tronco encefálico de todos os ovinos afetados. O diagnóstico foi realizado com base nos achados epidemiológicos e clinico-patológicos, e confirmado pela imuno-histoquímica (IHQ) utilizando anticorpo policlonal anti-L. monocytogenes.


#962 - Acute and chronic nervous signs in cattle associated with Phalaris angusta poisoning in Argentina, 30(1):63-66

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Cantón G., Campero C., Villa M. & Odriozola E. 2010. Acute and chronic nervous signs in cattle associated with Phalaris angusta poisoning in Argentina. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 30(1):63-66. INTA EEA Balcarce, CC 276, (7620) Balcarce, Argentina. E-mail: gcanton@balcarce.inta.gov.ar Phalaris angusta is a South American natural grass that produces poisoning in sheep and cattle in Argentina and Brazil. Phalaris spp. can produce unrelated forms of poisoning in ruminants, acute and chronic syndromes. The objective of this paper was to describe an outbreak of acute and chronic Phalaris nervous syndrome in 53 of 980 fattening steers and heifers in a farm of Buenos Aires province. On September of 2006 the animals developed nervous signs and died after 3-5 days. The herd was removed to a phalaris-free pasture. Three months later (on December) 15 new clinical cases developed in the herd. Necropsy performed in one affected calf showed neither grossly nor microscopic changes. Microscopically, there were no major alterations in tissues. Nervous signs had been described in some field cases where neither pigment deposition nor axonal degeneration could be detected. Clinical findings displayed by affected cattle after consumption of Phalaris angusta pastures resemble those observed by other authors in Phalaris staggers. This is the first report in Argentina where both syndromes were seen in the same herd.

Abstract in Portuguese:

RESUMO.- Cantón G., Campero C., Villa M. & Odriozola E. 2010. Acute and chronic nervous signs in cattle associated with Phalaris angusta poisoning in Argentina. [Sinais nervosos agudos e crônicos em bovinos na Argentina associados à intoxicação por Phalaris angusta.] Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 30(1):63-66. INTA EEA Balcarce, CC 276, (7620) Balcarce, Argentina. E-mail: gcanton@balcarce.inta.gov.ar Phalaris angusta é uma gramínea originária da América do Sul, que causa intoxicação em ovinos e bovinos na Argentina e Brasil. A intoxicação pode ocasionar quadros nervosos agudos ou crônicos, independentes um do outro. O objetivo deste trabalho é descrever ambos os quadros (agudo e crônico) da intoxicação por Phalaris em um rebanho de 980 garrotes em engorda na província de Buenos Aires. Em setembro de 2006, 53 animais desenvolveram sinais nervosos e morreram após um curso clínico de 3-5 dias. O rebanho foi trocado para uma pastagem sem Phalaris. Em dezembro, alguns animais apresentaram diarréia, depressão e perda progressiva de peso. Quando eram forçados a se movimentar, os sinais progrediam para incoordenação dos membros torácicos, impossibilidade de se manter em pé e decúbito lateral. Havia perda de peso e os animais morriam após um curso clínico de 5-7 dias. Não foram observadas lesões macroscópicas nem histológicas nos animais com as duas formas da doença. Os sinais clínicos observados são semelhantes aos observados em outros surtos de intoxicação aguda ou crônica por Phalaris angusta.


#963 - Electrophoretic profile and concentration of immunoglobulins G (IgG) in blood serum of Saanen goats with experimental mastitis induced by Staphylococcus aureus suplemented with vitamin E, 30(1):79-86

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Fonteque J.H., Kohayagawa A., Mattoso C.R.S., Lopes S.T.A., Paes P.R.O., Cassetari M.L. & Langoni H. 2010. [Electrophoretic profile and concentration of immunoglobulins G (IgG) in blood serum of Saanen goats with experimental mastitis induced by Staphylococcus aureus suplemented with vitamin E.] Perfil eletroforético e concentração de imunoglobulinas G (IgG) do soro sanguíneo de cabras Saanen com mastite experimental induzida por Staphylococcus aureus suplementadas com vitamina E. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 30(1):79-86. Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Hospital de Clínica Veterinária, Centro de Ciências Agroveterinárias, Universidade do Es-tado de Santa Catarina, Lages, SC 88520-000, Brazil. E-mail: fonteque@cav.udesc.br The objective was to evaluate the electrophoretic profile of proteins and serum concentration of immunoglobulin G (IgG) in Saanen goats with mastitis experimentally induced by Staphylococcus aureus (dl-a-tocopherol acetated). 14 adult goats, (supplemented with vitamin E DL-a-tocopherol) primiparous pregnant, seronegative for caprine arthritis encephalitis (CAEV), clinically healthy, were divided into two groups of seven animals: Not supplemented group (G1) and group supplemented with 2.000 UI of DL-a-tocopherol (G2 Vit E), by intramuscular injection on the day of the parturition and seven days later. At the 9th day after delivery 300 UFCs of the S. aureus ATCC 225923 strain were inoculated into the left half of the mammary gland of each animal. The mastitis was determined through collection of milk samples for evidence of infection by means of bacteriological examination, somatic cell count (SCC) and California Mastitis Test (CMT). Then samples were collected after 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours, antimicrobial intra-mammary gland treatment was initiated, with new evaluation 48 hours after treatment. The electrophoretic profile of serum protein of the goats, showed five fractions, as follows: albumin and globulin (a, b1, b2 e g-globulin). There was an increase in the production of g-globulin and lower production of b2-globulin fraction 12 hours after infection, and faster decrease in the supplemented group, showing the influence of vitamin E in the production of acute phase proteins. There was no influence of vitamin E in the serum concentration of immunoglobulin G (IgG) in supplemented animals. The supplementation with vitamin E increased the concentration of immunoglobulin and decreased the production of acute phase proteins, probably the antioxidant effect minimizing the tissue injury during the inflammatory process in the mammary gland.

Abstract in Portuguese:

RESUMO.- Fonteque J.H., Kohayagawa A., Mattoso C.R.S., Lopes S.T.A., Paes P.R.O., Cassetari M.L. & Langoni H. 2010. [Electrophoretic profile and concentration of immunoglobulins G (IgG) in blood serum of Saanen goats with experimental mastitis induced by Staphylococcus aureus suplemented with vitamin E.] Perfil eletroforético e concentração de imunoglobulinas G (IgG) do soro sanguíneo de cabras Saanen com mastite experimental induzida por Staphylococcus aureus suplementadas com vitamina E. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 30(1):79-86. Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Hospital de Clínica Veterinária, Centro de Ciências Agroveterinárias, Universidade do Es-tado de Santa Catarina, Lages, SC 88520-000, Brazil. E-mail: fonteque@cav.udesc.br O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o perfil eletroforético das proteínas e a concentração sérica de imunoglobulina G (IgG) em cabras da raça Saanen com mastite induzida experimentalmente por Staphylococcus aureus e suplementadas com vitamina E (acetato de dl-a-tocoferol). Utilizaram-se 14 cabras adultas, gestantes, primíparas, com sorologia negativa para Artrite Encefalite Caprina (CAEV), clinicamente sadias, divididas em dois grupos experimentais de sete animais. Grupo não suplementado (G1) e grupo suplementado com 2.000 U.I. de acetato de dl-a-tocoferol (G2 Vit E) via intramuscular no dia do parto e sete dias após o parto. Ao nono dia do pós-parto foram inoculados 300 UFCs da cepa de S. aureus ATCC 225923, na metade esquerda da glândula mamária de cada animal. A mastite foi determinada pela colheita das amostras de leite para a comprovação da infecção, por meio de exames bacteriológicos, contagem de células somáticas (CCS) e California Mastitis Test (CMT), a partir deste momento foram efetuadas colheitas às 12, 24, 48 e 72 horas, sendo posteriormente instituído o tratamento intramamário com antimicrobiano e nova avaliação 48 horas após o tratamento. O perfil eletroforético em gel de agarose das proteínas séricas das cabras, apresentaram cinco frações, sendo: albumina e globulinas (a, b1, b2 e g). Houve aumento na produção de g-globulina e menor produção da fração b2-globulina 12 horas após a infecção, com os valores reduzindo mais rapidamente no grupo suplementado, evidenciando a influência da vitamina E na diminuição da produção das proteínas de fase aguda. Não houve influência da vitamina E na concentração sérica de imunoglobulina G (IgG) nos animais suplementados. A suplementação com vitamina E aumentou a concentração de imunoglobulinas e diminuiu a produção de proteínas de fase aguda, provavelmente pelo efeito antioxidante minimizando a lesão tecidual durante o processo inflamatório localizado na glândula mamária.


#964 - Occurrence of parasitism by Dioctophyma renale in ring-tailed coatis (Nasua nasua) of the Tiete Ecological Park, São Paulo, Brazil, 29(12):959-962

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Milanelo L., Moreira M.B., Fitorra L.S., Petri B.S.S., Alves M. & Santos A.C. 2009. Occurrence of parasitism by Dioctophyma renale in ring-tailed coatis (Nasua nasua) of the Tiete Ecological Park, São Paulo, Brazil. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 29(12):959-962. Centro de Recuperação de Animais Selvagens, Parque Ecológico do Tietê, Departamento de Águas e Energia Elétrica, Rua Guira Acangatara 70, Engenheiro Goulart, São Paulo, SP 03719-000, Brazil. E-mail: lmilanelo@gmail.com Dioctophymosis is a worldwide renal parasitosis caused by the Dioctophyma renale nematode, which results in progressive destruction of renal tissue. Aquatics annelids are considered the main intermediate hosts and the literature refers as permanent hosts of dogs, wild mammals and even humans. During procedures for population control of coatis (Nasua nasua) in the Ecological Park of Tietê (PET), was noticed the presence of parasitosis by D. renale. From 68 animals, males and females, young and adults, submitted to exploratory laparotomy, 51 were positive for the presence of worms, 9 were found only in the right kidney. In 10 cases, in addition to right kidney parasitism, worms were also observed in the abdominal cavity. In 24 cases D. renale was found only in the abdominal cavity and in 8 animals the right kidney was reduced to a small rigid structure. The study showed that the preferred site for parasitism of the worm, considered erratic, was the abdominal cavity in 66.66% of the cases.

Abstract in Portuguese:

RESUMO.- Milanelo L., Moreira M.B., Fitorra L.S., Petri B.S.S., Alves M. & Santos A.C. 2009. Occurrence of parasitism by Dioctophyma renale in ring-tailed coatis (Nasua nasua) of the Tiete Ecological Park, São Paulo, Brazil. [Ocorrência de parasitismo por Dioctophyma renale em quati (Nasua nasua) do Parque Ecológico Tietê, São Paulo.] Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 29(12):959-962. Centro de Recuperação de Animais Selvagens, Parque Ecológico do Tietê, Departamento de Águas e Energia Elétrica, Rua Guira Acangatara 70, Engenheiro Goulart, São Paulo, SP 03719-000, Brazil. E-mail: lmilanelo@gmail.com RESUMO.- [Ocorrência de parasitismo por Dioctophyma renale em quati (Nasua nasua) do Parque Ecológico Tietê, São Paulo.] A dioctofimose é uma parasitose renal causada pelo nematóide Dioctophyma renale conhecida por gerar a destruição progressiva do parênquima renal. Anelídeos de água doce são considerados os principais hospedeiros intermediários e a literatura refere como hospedeiros definitivos cães domésticos, mamíferos selvagens e até seres humanos. Durante procedimentos de controle populacional de quatis (Nasua nasua) no Parque Ecológico do Tietê (PET), evidenciou-se a presença do parasitismo por D. renale. Sessenta e oito animais foram submetidos à laparotomia, machos e fêmeas, jovens e adultos, dos quais 51 foram positivos para presença do parasita. Em 9 animais o parasita esteve presente apenas no rim direito; em 10 animais D. renale parasitava o rim direito e a cavidade abdominal simultaneamente. Em outros 24 quatis o parasita foi encontrado apenas na cavidade abdominal e em 8 animais o rim direito foi reduzido apenas a uma pequena estrutura rígida. O estudo demonstrou que para este hospedeiro (Nasua nasua), o rim direito não parece ser local de escolha do parasita, já que o encontro do verme em 66,6% dos casos foi a cavidade abdominal.


#965 - Ultimobranchial gland of freshwater catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis, in response to calcitonin administration, 29(12):963-968

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Srivastav A.K., Singh S., Mishra D. & Srivastav S.K. 2009. Ultimobranchial gland of freshwater catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis, in response to calcitonin administration. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 29(12):963-968. Department of Zoology, DDU Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur 273 009, India. E-mail: ajaiksrivastav@hotmail.com The absence o!!f a hypocalcemic effect of calcitonin (CT) in fishes has been suggested due to exceedingly high plasma levels of CT; the fish may be saturated with respect of circulating CT and therefore unable to respond to exogenously administered CT. Earlier it has been suggested that a hypocalcemic action of injected CT may be obscured by changes in the release of endogenous CT and other calcium regulating hormones. In this study we have used artificial freshwater, calcium-deficient freshwater and calcium-rich freshwater and injected the fish with CT. The aim behind selecting these media were (i) in calcium-deficient medium there would be reduced circulating levels of CT, (ii) in calcium-rich medium there would be diminished secretion of prolactin (this hormone is hypercalcemic in fish), and (iii) by keeping the fish in calcium-rich medium we can test the antihypercalcemic action of CT. Moreover, the present study would reveal the changes in the ultimobranchial gland (UBG) after keeping the fish in all the above three media and/or injecting the fish with CT. Freshwater catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis, were administered intraperitoneally daily with vehicle or 0.5 U/100g body wt of salmon calcitonin (CT) and kept in artificial freshwater, calcium-rich freshwater and calcium-deficient freshwater for 10 days. Blood samples were collected on 1, 3, 5, and 10 days following the treatment and analyzed for serum calcium levels. The ultimobranchial gland (UBG) was also fixed for histological studies on these intervals. In artificial freshwater there was no change in the serum calcium levels of calcitonin-injected fish. The ultimobranchial gland of calcitonin-injected fish exhibited a progressive decrease in the nuclear volume from day 5 onwards. On day 10 vacuolization in the gland was also noticed. In vehicle-injected fish (control) kept in calcium-rich freshwater hypercalcemia has been noticed which persists till the end of the experiment. In calcitonin-treated fish maintained in calcium-rich freshwater there is no change in serum calcium level as compared to vehicle-injected fish. In vehicle-injected fish the UBG depicts decreased staining response and increased nuclear volume at day 5. On day 10 the nuclear volume is further increased and few degenerating cells have been noticed. Calcitonin fails to induce any histological change in the UBG as compared to control. In vehicle-injected fish kept in calcium-deficient freshwater the serum calcium levels decrease from day 1 to day 3. The levels exhibit hypercalcemia on day 10. CT treatment to the fish kept in calcium-deficient freshwater evokes a decrease in the calcium levels on day 1 and day 3. A significant hypercalcemia has been noticed on day 5 and day 10. In vehicle-injected fish kept in calcium-deficient freshwater the UBG reveals a decreased staining response on day 10. In CT-injected fish maintained in calcium-deficient freshwater the UBG depicts an increased nuclear volume and few exhausted cells on day 10. It can be concluded that CT can provoke hypocalcemia only when the fish is kept in medium which reduces the circulating levels of this hormone. The UBG of the fish kept in different calcemic media responded in a manner to indicate that it produces hypocalcemic factor - CT.

Abstract in Portuguese:

ABSTRACT.- Srivastav A.K., Singh S., Mishra D. & Srivastav S.K. 2009. Ultimobranchial gland of freshwater catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis, in response to calcitonin administration. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 29(12):963-968. Department of Zoology, DDU Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur 273 009, India. E-mail: ajaiksrivastav@hotmail.com The absence o!!f a hypocalcemic effect of calcitonin (CT) in fishes has been suggested due to exceedingly high plasma levels of CT; the fish may be saturated with respect of circulating CT and therefore unable to respond to exogenously administered CT. Earlier it has been suggested that a hypocalcemic action of injected CT may be obscured by changes in the release of endogenous CT and other calcium regulating hormones. In this study we have used artificial freshwater, calcium-deficient freshwater and calcium-rich freshwater and injected the fish with CT. The aim behind selecting these media were (i) in calcium-deficient medium there would be reduced circulating levels of CT, (ii) in calcium-rich medium there would be diminished secretion of prolactin (this hormone is hypercalcemic in fish), and (iii) by keeping the fish in calcium-rich medium we can test the antihypercalcemic action of CT. Moreover, the present study would reveal the changes in the ultimobranchial gland (UBG) after keeping the fish in all the above three media and/or injecting the fish with CT. Freshwater catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis, were administered intraperitoneally daily with vehicle or 0.5 U/100g body wt of salmon calcitonin (CT) and kept in artificial freshwater, calcium-rich freshwater and calcium-deficient freshwater for 10 days. Blood samples were collected on 1, 3, 5, and 10 days following the treatment and analyzed for serum calcium levels. The ultimobranchial gland (UBG) was also fixed for histological studies on these intervals. In artificial freshwater there was no change in the serum calcium levels of calcitonin-injected fish. The ultimobranchial gland of calcitonin-injected fish exhibited a progressive decrease in the nuclear volume from day 5 onwards. On day 10 vacuolization in the gland was also noticed. In vehicle-injected fish (control) kept in calcium-rich freshwater hypercalcemia has been noticed which persists till the end of the experiment. In calcitonin-treated fish maintained in calcium-rich freshwater there is no change in serum calcium level as compared to vehicle-injected fish. In vehicle-injected fish the UBG depicts decreased staining response and increased nuclear volume at day 5. On day 10 the nuclear volume is further increased and few degenerating cells have been noticed. Calcitonin fails to induce any histological change in the UBG as compared to control. In vehicle-injected fish kept in calcium-deficient freshwater the serum calcium levels decrease from day 1 to day 3. The levels exhibit hypercalcemia on day 10. CT treatment to the fish kept in calcium-deficient freshwater evokes a decrease in the calcium levels on day 1 and day 3. A significant hypercalcemia has been noticed on day 5 and day 10. In vehicle-injected fish kept in calcium-deficient freshwater the UBG reveals a decreased staining response on day 10. In CT-injected fish maintained in calcium-deficient freshwater the UBG depicts an increased nuclear volume and few exhausted cells on day 10. It can be concluded that CT can provoke hypocalcemia only when the fish is kept in medium which reduces the circulating levels of this hormone. The UBG of the fish kept in different calcemic media responded in a manner to indicate that it produces hypocalcemic factor - CT.


#966 - Retrospective study of ocular disorders in Amazon parrots, 29(12):979-984

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Hvenegaard A.P., Safatle A.M.V, Guimarães M.B. & Barros P.S.M. 2009. Retrospective study of ocular disorders in Amazon parrots. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 29(12):979-984. Serviço de Oftalmologia do Hospital Veterinário, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva 87, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP 05508 270, Brazil. E-mail: ana6113@hotmail.com A retrospective study was conducted to identify the occurrence and types of ocular disorders in 57 Amazon parrots admitted to the Ophthalmology Service, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of São Paulo, Brazil from 1997 to 2006. The most frequent observed disorder was cataracts, present in 24 of the 114 examined eyes (57 parrots). Uveitis, ulcerative keratitis and keratoconjunctivitis were frequently diagnosed as well. The cornea was the most affected ocular structure, with 28 reported disorders. Uveal disorders also were commonly observed. Conjunctiva and eyelid disorders were diagnosed in lower frequency. Results suggest that cataracts are common and that cornea, lens and uvea are the most affected ocular structures in Amazon parrots.

Abstract in Portuguese:

RESUMO.- Hvenegaard A.P., Safatle A.M.V, Guimarães M.B. & Barros P.S.M. 2009. Retrospective study of ocular disorders in Amazon parrots. [Estudo retrospectivo das alterações oculares observadas em papagaios.] Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 29(12):979-984. Serviço de Oftalmologia do Hospital Veterinário, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva 87, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP 05508 270, Brazil. E-mail: ana6113@hotmail.com Realizou-se estudo retrospectivo para identificar a ocorrência e os tipos de alterações oculares observadas em 57 papagaios atendidos no Serviço de Oftalmologia do Hospital Veterinário da Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia da Universidade de São Paulo (USP), de 1997-2006. Catarata em diferentes estágios de evolução foi a alteração ocular mais frequentemente diagnosticada, sendo observada em 24 dos 114 olhos examinados. Uveíte, ceratite ulcerativa e ceratoconjuntivite foram também diagnosticadas. A córnea foi a estrutura ocular mais acometida (28 registros). Alterações uveais foram frequentemente observadas. Alterações das pálpebras e conjuntiva foram observadas em menor freqüência. Concluí-se que catarata foi a alteração mais frequentemente observada e que a córnea, lente e úvea são as estruturas oculares mais susceptíveis a alterações em papagaios.


#967 - Reproductive characteristics of Brazilian dwarf brocket deer (Mazama nana), 29(12):993-998

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Abreu C.O., Martinez A.C., Moraes W., Juvenal J.C. & Moreira N. 2009. [Reproductive characteristics of Brazilian dwarf brocket deer (Mazama nana).] Características reprodutivas de veado-bororó-do-sul ou veado-mão-curta (Mazama nana). Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 29(12):993-998. Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Campus Umuarama, Estrada da Paca s/n, Maringá, PR 87506-370. E-mail: cassianabreu@gmail.com Mazama nana is the least known of Brazilian deer species. The male reproductive parameters are still unknown, but apparently they did not show reproductive seasonality. In this work were used nine males of M. nana in reproductive age, kept in captivity. They were assessed for weight, height of wither, crown-rump length, the situation of horns, testicular volume and consistency. The sperm was collected by electro-ejaculation and subjected to analyses of motility, vigor and morphology. The correlation between age, weight, height of wither, crown-rump length, testicular volume and characteristics of the ejaculate (volume, motility, vigor and sperm concentration) were evaluated by the procedure Corr., of SAS®. The mean ± standard deviation observed for weight (kg), crown-rump length (cm) and height of wither (cm) were: 15.72±1.98, 74.9±3.05, and 48.5±2.06 respectively. For primary reproductive parameters were observed: volume of ejaculate (91.46±68.24ìl); motility (70±8.16%); vigor (3.0±0.67); sperm concentration (1536x106 ±351x106 spermatozoa per ml). For sperm morphology was found a high percentage of abnormal cells (40.90%), with predominant defects in the tail (25.95%).

Abstract in Portuguese:

RESUMO.- Abreu C.O., Martinez A.C., Moraes W., Juvenal J.C. & Moreira N. 2009. [Reproductive characteristics of Brazilian dwarf brocket deer (Mazama nana).] Características reprodutivas de veado-bororó-do-sul ou veado-mão-curta (Mazama nana). Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 29(12):993-998. Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Campus Umuarama, Estrada da Paca s/n, Maringá, PR 87506-370. E-mail: cassianabreu@gmail.com Dos cervídeos brasileiros, a espécie Mazama nana é a menos conhecida. Os parâmetros reprodutivos para os machos ainda são desconhecidos, mas parece que não apresentam sazonalidade reprodutiva. Neste trabalho foram utilizados nove machos de Mazama nana em idade reprodutiva, mantidos em cativeiro. Foram avaliados quanto ao peso corporal, altura de cernelha, comprimento crânio-caudal, situação dos chifres, volume e consistência testicular. O sêmen foi colhido por eletroejaculação e submetido a análises de motilidade, vigor e morfologia espermática. As correlações entre idade, peso, comprimento crânio-caudal, altura de cernelha, volume testicular e características do ejaculado (volume, motilidade, vigor e concentração do sêmen) foram avaliadas pelo procedimento Corr., do SAS®. As médias ± desvio padrão observados para peso (kg), comprimento crânio-caudal (cm) e altura de cernelha (cm) foram: 15,72±1,98, 74,9±3,05 e 48,5±2,06, respectivamente. Em relação aos parâmetros reprodutivos primários foram observados: volume do ejaculado (91,46±68,24µl); motilidade (70±8,16%); vigor (3,0±0,67); concentração espermática (1536x106 ±351x106 espermatozóides por ml). Em relação à morfologia espermática, foi observada uma alta porcentagem de células anormais (40,90%), sendo predominante os defeitos de cauda (25,95%).


#968 - Comparison of wildlife and captivity rattlesnakes (Crotalus durissus terrificus) microbiota, 29(12):999-1003

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Ferreira Junior R.S., Siqueira A.K., Campagner M.V., Salerno T., Soares T.C.S., Lucheis S.B., Paes A.C. & Barraviera B. 2009. Comparison of wildlife and captivity rattlesnakes (Crotalus durissus terrificus) microbiota. [Comparação da microbiota de cascavéis (Crotalus durissus terrificus) de vida-livre e cativeiro.]Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 29(12):999-1003. Centro de Estudos de Venenos e Animais Peçonhentos, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Fazenda Experimental Lageado, Rua José Barbosa de Barros 1780, Botucatu, SP 18610-307, Brazil. E-mail: rseabra@cevap.org.br The study evaluated and compared the aerobic microbiota from the oral cavity, cloaca and venom of Crotalus durissus terrificus snakes, recently caught from the wild and kept under quarantine (WQ), individual captivity (IC) and collective captivity (CC). Antimicrobial drug effectiveness on isolated agents also was assayed. From group I, II and III were isolated, respectively, 29 (63.04%), 38 (90.48%) and 21 (42.86%) microorganisms from the cloaca; 15 (32.61%), 3 (7.14%) and 25 (51.02%) microorganisms from the oral cavity; and, 2 (4.35%), 1 (2.38%) and 3 (6.12%) microorganisms from venom. The most frequent bacteria were Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus vulgaris and Morganella morganii, with sensitivity to amikacin, gentamicin, norfloxacin, sulfazotrin and tobramycin. Snakes kept in semi-open captivity exhibited the fewest microorganisms in oral cavities, perhaps due to the environment in captivity, with different temperature gradients, running water, absence of daily handling, circulating air, possibility of moving around, daily cleaning, and sunlight access.

Abstract in Portuguese:

RESUMO.- Ferreira Junior R.S., Siqueira A.K., Campagner M.V., Salerno T., Soares T.C.S., Lucheis S.B., Paes A.C. & Barraviera B. 2009. Comparison of wildlife and captivity rattlesnakes (Crotalus durissus terrificus) microbiota. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 29(12):999-1003. Centro de Estudos de Venenos e Animais Peçonhentos, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Fazenda Experimental Lageado, Rua José Barbosa de Barros 1780, Botucatu, SP 18610-307, Brazil. E-mail: rseabra@cevap.org.br Este estudo avaliou e comparou a microflora aeróbica da cavidade oral, cloaca e veneno de serpentes Crotalus durissus terrificus recém-capturadas da natureza e mantidas sob quarentena (WQ), mantidas em cativeiro coletivo (CC) e em cativeiro individual (IC). A eficácia de drogas antimicrobianas de agentes isolados foi também avaliada. Foram isolados microorganismos dos grupos I, II e III respectivamente: 29 (63.04%), 38 (90.48%) e 21 (42.86%) da cloaca; 15 (32.61%), 3 (7.14%) e 25 (51.02%) da cavidade oral, e finalmente 2 (4.35%), 1 (2.38%) e 3 (6.12%) do veneno. As bactérias mais frequentes foram Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus vulgaris e Morganella morganii, com sensibilidade para amikacina, gentamicina, norfloxacina, sulfazotrina e tobramicina. Serpentes mantidas no cativeiro semi-aberto mostraram menor número de agentes infecciosos em cavidade oral, talvez devido ao ambiente de cativeiro com diferentes gradientes de temperatura, água corrente, ausência de manejo diário, ampla circulação de ar, possibilidade de movimentação pelos animais, limpeza diária e acesso ao Sol.


#969 - Epidemiological and clinical features of stephanofilariasis in dairy cows and diagnosis methods confrontation, 29(11):887-893

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Miyakawa V.I., Reis A.C.F. & Lisbôa J.A.N. 2009. [Epidemiological and clinical features of stephanofilariasis in dairy cows and diagnosis methods confrontation.] Aspectos epidemiológicos e clínicos da estefanofilariose em vacas leiteiras e comparação entre métodos de diagnóstico. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 29(11):887-893. Departamento de Clínicas Veterinárias, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Campus Universitário, Cx. Postal 6001, Londrina, PR 86051-990, Brazil. E-mail: janlisboa@uel.br Stephanofilariasis is a worldwide disease caused by the nematode Stephanofilaria that determines skin lesions. In cattle, the chronic dermatitis is characteristic begining with papules that progress to nodules, alopecia and ulcers with crusts. Despite it’s long time recognition, there are few studies and reports about this disease, specially in Brazil. This work was conducted in order to investigate epidemiological and clinical features of stephanofilariasis in dairy cows and to compare two methods for the diagnosis confirmation. Fifty-eight naturally affected dairy cows from seven herds located in Santana do Itararé, state of Paraná, and Itaberá, state of São Paulo, were studied from January 2006 through August 2008. Two methods for the diagnosis confirmation were compared using biopsied tissues from the border of the skin lesion: the histopathological examination (n=24) and the direct sediment examination of an isotonic saline solution in which the tissue fragment remained soaked (n=20). The prevalence was higher from December to March (57%) and lactating cows were primarily affected (87,9%). The cranial aspect of the fore mammary glands was the main site of the skin lesions (96,7%), chiefly near the ventral midline (55%). The characteristic wound was of circular shape, ulcerated with crusts and serosanguineous exudation. Chronic dermatitis with eosinophilic and mononuclaer cell infiltrates was the histopathologic change pattern present. The parasite was not detected in any histologic section examined. The direct sediment examination otherwise proved to be efficient for the diagnosis confirmation revealing the nematode adult and larval forms in all the specimens.

Abstract in Portuguese:

RESUMO.- Miyakawa V.I., Reis A.C.F. & Lisbôa J.A.N. 2009. [Epidemiological and clinical features of stephanofilariasis in dairy cows and diagnosis methods confrontation.] Aspectos epidemiológicos e clínicos da estefanofilariose em vacas leiteiras e comparação entre métodos de diagnóstico. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 29(11):887-893. Departamento de Clínicas Veterinárias, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Campus Universitário, Cx. Postal 6001, Londrina, PR 86051-990, Brazil. E-mail: janlisboa@uel.br A estefanofilariose é uma doença mundialmente distribuída e caracteriza-se por lesões na pele causadas por nematódeo do gênero Stephanofilaria. Nos bovinos manifesta-se por uma dermatite crônica associada com erupção papular progredindo para nódulos, alopecia e ulceração crostosa. Apesar de reconhecida há muitos anos, há poucos estudos e relatos sobre a mesma. A literatura é particularmente escassa no Brasil. Esse trabalho teve como objetivos investigar aspectos epidemiológicos e clínicos da estefanofilariose em vacas leiteiras naturalmente acometidas e comparar dois métodos para a confirmação do diagnóstico, o exame histopatológico e o exame direto. Foram investigados aspectos clínicos relacionados à ocorrência natural da estefanofilariose em 58 vacas de leite de sete rebanhos criados nos municípios de Santana do Itararé, PR e de Itaberá, SP durante o período de janeiro de 2006 a agosto de 2008. Dois métodos foram comparados para confirmação do diagnóstico a partir de tecido colhido por biópsia da borda das lesões, o histopatológico (n=24) e o exame direto do sedimento da solução salina isotônica na qual o tecido permaneceu embebido (n=20). A maior prevalência ocorreu de dezembro a março (57%) e a maioria das vacas era lactante (87,9%). As lesões se localizavam nos quartos anteriores do úbere em seu aspecto cranial (96,7%), principalmente próximo à linha média (55%). A lesão típica tinha formato circular era ulcerada com crostas e exibia exsudato sero-sanguinolento. No exame histopatológico evidenciou-se uma dermatite crônica com infiltrado mononuclear e eosinofílico. A presença do parasita não foi detectada em nenhum dos cortes examinados. O exame direto possibilitou a demonstração do agente em todas as amostras examinadas, comprovando-se como um método eficiente para a confirmação do diagnóstico.


#970 - Inefficacy of albendazole sulphoxide and ivermectin for the treatment of bovine parasitic otitis caused by rhabditiform nematodes, 29(11):910-912

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Verocai G.G., Fernandes J.I., Correia T.R., Melo R.M.P.S., Alves P.A.M., Scott F.B. & Grisi L. 2009. Inefficacy of albendazole sulphoxide and ivermectin for the treatment of bovine parasitic otitis caused by rhabditiform nematodes. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 29(11):910-912. Departamento de Parasitologia Animal, Instituto de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ 23890-000, Brazil. E-mail: gverocai@gmail.com The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of orally administered albendazole sulphoxide and pour-on ivermectin for the treatment of bovine parasitic otitis caused by rhabditiform nematodes. Eighteen Gyr cows presenting clinical otitis were divided in three groups with six animals each. The first one did not receive any treatment (control group). The second one was treated with 0.5% pour-on ivermectin, 500µg/kg of body weight, and the third group was treated with oral 6% albendazole sulphoxide, at 6.0mg/kg. Both ear canals of each animal were reexamined on days 7 and 21 post treatment. The animals in the control group remained infected throughout the days of observation. Ivermectin treatment did not show effectiveness on days 7 or 21 post treatment. The albendazole sulphoxide treatment had an efficacy of 16.7 and 25% on days 7 and 21, respectively. Further studies are required to assess an effective treatment for this parasitic disease, especially via alternative administration routes, because of its significant impact on Bos taurus indicus cattle breeding in Tropical and Subtropical Regions.

Abstract in Portuguese:

RESUMO.- Verocai G.G., Fernandes J.I., Correia T.R., Melo R.M.P.S., Alves P.A.M., Scott F.B. & Grisi L. 2009. Inefficacy of albendazole sulphoxide and ivermectin for the treatment of bovine parasitic otitis caused by rhabditiform nematodes. [Ineficácia do sulfóxido de albendazole e da ivermectina no tratamento da otite parasitária bovina causada por nematóides rhabditiformes.] Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 29(11):910-912. Departamento de Parasitologia Animal, Instituto de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ 23890-000, Brazil. E-mail: gverocai@gmail.com O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a eficácia do sulfóxido de albendazol administrado oralmente e da ivermectina “pour-on” no tratamento da otite parasitária bovina causada por nematóides rhabditiformes. Dezoito vacas Gir apresentando otite clínica foram divididas em três grupos de seis animais cada. O primeiro não recebeu tratamento (grupo controle). O segundo foi tratado com ivermectina “pour-on” a 0,05% na dose de 500µg/kg de peso vivo. O terceiro grupo foi tratado com sulfóxido de albendazol oral a 6% na dose 6,0mg/kg. Os condutos auditivos de todos os animais foram reexaminados nos dias 7 e 21 pós-tratamento. Os animais do grupo controle permaneceram infectados nos dias de observação. O tratamento com ivermectina não demonstrou eficácia alguma para os dias 7 e 21 pós-tratamento. O tratamento com sulfóxido de albendazol obteve 16,7 e 25% de eficácia nos dias 7 e 21, respectivamente. Mais estudos são necessários para determinação de tratamentos eficazes para tal doença parasitária, especialmente através de vias alternativas de administração, por causa de seu significante impacto na criação de Bos taurus indicus nas Regiões Tropical e Subtropical.


Colégio Brasileiro de Patologia Animal SciELO Brasil CAPES CNPQ UFRRJ CFMV