Resultado da pesquisa (2470)
Termo utilizado na pesquisa C.
#2161 - Enfermidades digitais em vacas de aptidão leiteira: associação com mastite clínica, metrites e aspectos epidemiológicos
Abstract in English:
Silva L.A.F., Fioravanti M.C.S., Trindade B.R., Silva O.C., Eurides D., Cunha P.H.J., Silva M.L. & Moura M.I. 2004.[Foot diseases in dairy cows: association with clinical mastitis, metrites and predisposing factors.] Enfermidades digitais em vacas de aptidão leiteira: associação com mastite clínica, metrites e aspectos epidemiológicos. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 24(4):217-222. Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Cx. Postal 131, Goiânia, GO 74001-970, Brazil. E-mail: lafranco@vet.ufg.br
With the objective to investigate a possible association between foot diseases, clinical mastitis and/or metritis and predisposing factors for foot diseases, 5300 dairy cows from 80 intensive and semi-intensive farms were used. In 325 (6.13%) cows only foot disease was diagnosed, in 35 (0.66%) foot disease and clinical mastitis, in 52 (0.98%) foot disease and metritis, in 28 (0.53%) foot disease, clinical mastitis and metritis, in 128 (2.42%) only metritis, in 165 (3.11%) only clinical mastitis, and in 89 (1.68%) cows metritis and clinical mastitis. Rapid changes in the diet, high exposure time of hoof horn to slurry and wet conditions, concrete floors, use of footbaths, low frequency of claw trimming, irregular quarantine, and no attention to health aspects during acquisition of the animals were considered as major risk factors for the occurrence of those diseases. The McNemar test for dependent samples showed significant statistical differences between the occurrence of foot disease, clinical mastitis and metritis, in spite of the poor association between those diseases. It was concluded that there was no expressive relationship between foot diseases, clinical mastitis and metritis in lactent cows.
Abstract in Portuguese:
Silva L.A.F., Fioravanti M.C.S., Trindade B.R., Silva O.C., Eurides D., Cunha P.H.J., Silva M.L. & Moura M.I. 2004.[Foot diseases in dairy cows: association with clinical mastitis, metrites and predisposing factors.] Enfermidades digitais em vacas de aptidão leiteira: associação com mastite clínica, metrites e aspectos epidemiológicos. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 24(4):217-222. Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Cx. Postal 131, Goiânia, GO 74001-970, Brazil. E-mail: lafranco@vet.ufg.br
With the objective to investigate a possible association between foot diseases, clinical mastitis and/or metritis and predisposing factors for foot diseases, 5300 dairy cows from 80 intensive and semi-intensive farms were used. In 325 (6.13%) cows only foot disease was diagnosed, in 35 (0.66%) foot disease and clinical mastitis, in 52 (0.98%) foot disease and metritis, in 28 (0.53%) foot disease, clinical mastitis and metritis, in 128 (2.42%) only metritis, in 165 (3.11%) only clinical mastitis, and in 89 (1.68%) cows metritis and clinical mastitis. Rapid changes in the diet, high exposure time of hoof horn to slurry and wet conditions, concrete floors, use of footbaths, low frequency of claw trimming, irregular quarantine, and no attention to health aspects during acquisition of the animals were considered as major risk factors for the occurrence of those diseases. The McNemar test for dependent samples showed significant statistical differences between the occurrence of foot disease, clinical mastitis and metritis, in spite of the poor association between those diseases. It was concluded that there was no expressive relationship between foot diseases, clinical mastitis and metritis in lactent cows.
#2162 - O surto de peste suína africana ocorrido em 1978 no município de Paracambi, Rio de Janeiro
Abstract in English:
Tokarnia C.H., Peixoto P.V., Döbereiner J., Barros S.S. & Riet-Correa F. 2004. [The outbreak of African swine fever which ocurred in 1978 in the county of Paracambi, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.] O surto de peste suína africana ocorrido em 1978 no município de Paracambi, Rio de Janeiro. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 24(4):223-238. Projeto Sanidade Animal Embrapa/UFRRJ, Km 47, Seropédica, RJ 23890-000, Brazil. E-mail: tokarnia@ufrrj.br
Due to doubts which still persist 25 years after the outbreak of African swine fever (ASF) which ocurred in the county of Paracambi, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in 1978, the results obtained through the studies to establish and confirm the diagnosis are presented. These include data on the epidemiology, clinic-pathological aspects, bacteriological, virological and ultramicroscopic examinations, the experimental reproduction of the disease and cross immunity tests with classical swine fever virus performed in Brazil, and on the confirmation with isolation of the virus and determination of its identity at the Plum Island Animal Disease Center, New York, USA. The pigs of the affected herd had been fed untreated remains of meals from airplanes of international lines flying to Brazil from Portugal and Spain where ASF was occurring at the time. According to publication by the Ministry of Agriculture, after the diagnosis of the outbreak of ASF described in this paper, 223 additional outbreaks were reported in Brazil between 1978 and 1979, in all the Brazilian regions (North, Northeast, Central-West, Southeast and South). Further outbreaks were reported in 1981, but their number is not known. The last case was reported to have occurred on November 15, 1981, and on December 5, 1984, Brazil was declared free of ASF. For the diagnosis of ASF 54,002 samples were examined by the Department of Virology of the Institute of Microbiology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, from 1978 to 1981, by the techniques of haemadsorption in leucocyte cultures (HAd), direct immunoflorescence in tissue sections (FATS), direct immunoflorescence in cell cultures (FATCC), immuno-electro-osmophoresis (IEOP) and indirect immunoflorescence assay (IIF). Only 4 samples were positive with the FATCC procedure. This is the only technique which includes virus isolation; the origin of these positive samples was not reported, but probably they were from the Paracambi outbreak.
From other suspected outbreaks of ASF in Brazil there is no information on the isolation and characterization of the virus isolates. Likewise there is no information available about the epidemiology, clinical signs, and pathology of suspected ASF in other outbreaks. The analysis of all published data on this matter in Brazil, the possibility of false-positive results, the lack of information about isolation and characterization of the virus, as well as the lack of epidemiological, clinical and pathological data of these other supposed outbreaks of ASF strongly suggest that the outbreak of Paracambi was the only occurrence of ASF in Brazil, confirmed by the isolation, identification of the virus, and the determination of its pathogenicity, and that ASF occurred and maintained itself confined to this area probably due to the early diagnosis and the rapid application of efficient control measures by the Brazilian authorities; the slaughter of the animals in the outbreak of Paracambi started as soon as 10 days after the first death, 3 days after the presumptive diagnosis.
Abstract in Portuguese:
Tokarnia C.H., Peixoto P.V., Döbereiner J., Barros S.S. & Riet-Correa F. 2004. [The outbreak of African swine fever which ocurred in 1978 in the county of Paracambi, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.] O surto de peste suína africana ocorrido em 1978 no município de Paracambi, Rio de Janeiro. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 24(4):223-238. Projeto Sanidade Animal Embrapa/UFRRJ, Km 47, Seropédica, RJ 23890-000, Brazil. E-mail: tokarnia@ufrrj.br
Due to doubts which still persist 25 years after the outbreak of African swine fever (ASF) which ocurred in the county of Paracambi, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in 1978, the results obtained through the studies to establish and confirm the diagnosis are presented. These include data on the epidemiology, clinic-pathological aspects, bacteriological, virological and ultramicroscopic examinations, the experimental reproduction of the disease and cross immunity tests with classical swine fever virus performed in Brazil, and on the confirmation with isolation of the virus and determination of its identity at the Plum Island Animal Disease Center, New York, USA. The pigs of the affected herd had been fed untreated remains of meals from airplanes of international lines flying to Brazil from Portugal and Spain where ASF was occurring at the time. According to publication by the Ministry of Agriculture, after the diagnosis of the outbreak of ASF described in this paper, 223 additional outbreaks were reported in Brazil between 1978 and 1979, in all the Brazilian regions (North, Northeast, Central-West, Southeast and South). Further outbreaks were reported in 1981, but their number is not known. The last case was reported to have occurred on November 15, 1981, and on December 5, 1984, Brazil was declared free of ASF. For the diagnosis of ASF 54,002 samples were examined by the Department of Virology of the Institute of Microbiology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, from 1978 to 1981, by the techniques of haemadsorption in leucocyte cultures (HAd), direct immunoflorescence in tissue sections (FATS), direct immunoflorescence in cell cultures (FATCC), immuno-electro-osmophoresis (IEOP) and indirect immunoflorescence assay (IIF). Only 4 samples were positive with the FATCC procedure. This is the only technique which includes virus isolation; the origin of these positive samples was not reported, but probably they were from the Paracambi outbreak.
From other suspected outbreaks of ASF in Brazil there is no information on the isolation and characterization of the virus isolates. Likewise there is no information available about the epidemiology, clinical signs, and pathology of suspected ASF in other outbreaks. The analysis of all published data on this matter in Brazil, the possibility of false-positive results, the lack of information about isolation and characterization of the virus, as well as the lack of epidemiological, clinical and pathological data of these other supposed outbreaks of ASF strongly suggest that the outbreak of Paracambi was the only occurrence of ASF in Brazil, confirmed by the isolation, identification of the virus, and the determination of its pathogenicity, and that ASF occurred and maintained itself confined to this area probably due to the early diagnosis and the rapid application of efficient control measures by the Brazilian authorities; the slaughter of the animals in the outbreak of Paracambi started as soon as 10 days after the first death, 3 days after the presumptive diagnosis.
#2163 - Estudo comparativo da toxidez de Palicourea juruana (Rubiaceae) para búfalos e bovinos
Abstract in English:
Oliveira C.M.C., Barbosa J.D., Macedo R.S.C., Brito M.F., Peixoto P.V. & Tokarnia C.H. 2004. [A comparative study of the toxicity of Palicourea juruana (Rubiaceae) to buffalo and cattle.] Estudo comparativo da toxidez de Palicourea juruana (Rubiaceae) para búfalos e bovinos. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 24(1):27-30. Escola de Medicina Veterinária, Campus Castanhal, Universidade Federal do Pará, Rua Maximino Porpino 1000, Castanhal, PA 68743-080, Brazil. E-mail: tokarnia@ufrrj.br
An experimental study was performed to establish the toxicity of Palicourea juruana for buffaloes and to add new data on the toxicity of this plant for cattle. The clinical and pathological pictures were similar, but a comparison of the lethal doses for buffaloes (1-2g/kg) and cattle (0.25g/kg) shows that the buffalo is at least 4 times more resistant. In experiments performed 10 years earlier with the fresh leaves - collected on the same farm in July, at the beginning of the dry season, only 2 months later than in this second experimental series - the lethal dose for cattle was 2 g/kg. No explanation was found for the extremely high toxicity of the plant observed in the present study.
Abstract in Portuguese:
Oliveira C.M.C., Barbosa J.D., Macedo R.S.C., Brito M.F., Peixoto P.V. & Tokarnia C.H. 2004. [A comparative study of the toxicity of Palicourea juruana (Rubiaceae) to buffalo and cattle.] Estudo comparativo da toxidez de Palicourea juruana (Rubiaceae) para búfalos e bovinos. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 24(1):27-30. Escola de Medicina Veterinária, Campus Castanhal, Universidade Federal do Pará, Rua Maximino Porpino 1000, Castanhal, PA 68743-080, Brazil. E-mail: tokarnia@ufrrj.br
An experimental study was performed to establish the toxicity of Palicourea juruana for buffaloes and to add new data on the toxicity of this plant for cattle. The clinical and pathological pictures were similar, but a comparison of the lethal doses for buffaloes (1-2g/kg) and cattle (0.25g/kg) shows that the buffalo is at least 4 times more resistant. In experiments performed 10 years earlier with the fresh leaves - collected on the same farm in July, at the beginning of the dry season, only 2 months later than in this second experimental series - the lethal dose for cattle was 2 g/kg. No explanation was found for the extremely high toxicity of the plant observed in the present study.
#2164 - Uso da ciclofosfamida em modelo experimental de imunodepressão experimental em ovinos
Abstract in English:
Garcia M., Sertório S. P., Alves G. J., Chate S. C., Carneiro S. & Lallo M.A. 2004. [Ovine experimental immunosuppression using cyclophosphamide.] Uso da ciclofosfamida em modelo experimental de imunodepressão experimental em ovinos. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 24(3): 115-119. Curso de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Paulista, Rua Enjolras Vampré 146, São Paulo, SP 04290-070, Brazil. E-mail: mgar@mgar.vet.br
Cyclophosphamide (CY) was used to evaluate the effect on the immune system of sheep. Castred adult rams were divided into 3 groups, with 6 animals each one. Group I (day 0) and Group II (day 1) were treated with CY (40 mg/kg, single dose, IV), and Group III was not treated and remained as control. All groups were immunized on day 0 with B19 brucellosis vaccine. On day 6, all animals were bled and serum agglutination test for brucellosis antibodies detection was performed. During 7 days blood lymphocyte counts and electrophoresis gammaglobulin dosage were daily performed. The results showed statistical decrease of immune response. Low serum titers of brucellosis antibodies were found in Groups I and II, and lymphopenia and hypogammaglobulinemia were also found in these groups. A high mortality rate (40%) occurred in the treated animals.
Abstract in Portuguese:
Garcia M., Sertório S. P., Alves G. J., Chate S. C., Carneiro S. & Lallo M.A. 2004. [Ovine experimental immunosuppression using cyclophosphamide.] Uso da ciclofosfamida em modelo experimental de imunodepressão experimental em ovinos. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 24(3): 115-119. Curso de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Paulista, Rua Enjolras Vampré 146, São Paulo, SP 04290-070, Brazil. E-mail: mgar@mgar.vet.br
Cyclophosphamide (CY) was used to evaluate the effect on the immune system of sheep. Castred adult rams were divided into 3 groups, with 6 animals each one. Group I (day 0) and Group II (day 1) were treated with CY (40 mg/kg, single dose, IV), and Group III was not treated and remained as control. All groups were immunized on day 0 with B19 brucellosis vaccine. On day 6, all animals were bled and serum agglutination test for brucellosis antibodies detection was performed. During 7 days blood lymphocyte counts and electrophoresis gammaglobulin dosage were daily performed. The results showed statistical decrease of immune response. Low serum titers of brucellosis antibodies were found in Groups I and II, and lymphopenia and hypogammaglobulinemia were also found in these groups. A high mortality rate (40%) occurred in the treated animals.
#2165 - Avaliação da patogenicidade de amostras de Brachyspira pilosicoli através de técnicas histopatológicas convencionais e por imuno-histoquímica
Abstract in English:
Paulovich F.B., Borowski S.M., Driemeier D., Razia L.E., Coutinho T. A., Prates A.B.H., Pescador C., Correa A. & Barcellos D.E.S.N. 2004. [Assessment of the pathogenicity of Brachyspira pilosicoli strains by conventional histopathological techniques and by immunohistochemistry.] Avaliação da patogenicidade de amostras de Brachyspira pilosicoli através de técnicas histopatológicas convencionais e por imuno-histoquímica. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 24(3):144-148. Depto Patologia Clínica Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária, UFRGS, Cx. Postal 15094, Porto Alegre, RS 91540-000, Brazil. E-mail: davetpat@vortex.ufrgs.br
The study assessed differences of pathogenicity among 19 strains of Brachyspira pilosicoli isolated from cases of diarrhea in swine in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, using an one-day-old chick model. The chicken inoculated with live bacterial cultures were submitted to euthanasia 21 days later, and the cecum was examined histologically using hematoxylin-eosin, silver staining and immunohistochemistry with a polyclonal antibody anti-Brachyspira pilosicoli. With silver staining and immunohistochemistry, respectively, 21.59% and 70.96% of the chicken showed colonization of the cecal epithelium with B. pilosicoli. Differences in the type of colonization characterized by continuous adhesion, focal adhesion or free bacteria in the intestinal lumen were observed. Immunohistochemistry was more efficient to assess intestinal colonization, because 49.37% more colonized chicken could be detected with silver staining. With three strains, elongated figures inside the cytoplasm of epithelial cecal cells in the inoculated chicken were observed.
Abstract in Portuguese:
Paulovich F.B., Borowski S.M., Driemeier D., Razia L.E., Coutinho T. A., Prates A.B.H., Pescador C., Correa A. & Barcellos D.E.S.N. 2004. [Assessment of the pathogenicity of Brachyspira pilosicoli strains by conventional histopathological techniques and by immunohistochemistry.] Avaliação da patogenicidade de amostras de Brachyspira pilosicoli através de técnicas histopatológicas convencionais e por imuno-histoquímica. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 24(3):144-148. Depto Patologia Clínica Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária, UFRGS, Cx. Postal 15094, Porto Alegre, RS 91540-000, Brazil. E-mail: davetpat@vortex.ufrgs.br
The study assessed differences of pathogenicity among 19 strains of Brachyspira pilosicoli isolated from cases of diarrhea in swine in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, using an one-day-old chick model. The chicken inoculated with live bacterial cultures were submitted to euthanasia 21 days later, and the cecum was examined histologically using hematoxylin-eosin, silver staining and immunohistochemistry with a polyclonal antibody anti-Brachyspira pilosicoli. With silver staining and immunohistochemistry, respectively, 21.59% and 70.96% of the chicken showed colonization of the cecal epithelium with B. pilosicoli. Differences in the type of colonization characterized by continuous adhesion, focal adhesion or free bacteria in the intestinal lumen were observed. Immunohistochemistry was more efficient to assess intestinal colonization, because 49.37% more colonized chicken could be detected with silver staining. With three strains, elongated figures inside the cytoplasm of epithelial cecal cells in the inoculated chicken were observed.
#2166 - Demodicose bovina no Estado da Paraíba
Abstract in English:
Faccini J.L.H., Santos A.C.G. & Bechara G.H. 2004. [Bovine demodicosis in the state of Paraíba, northeastern Brazil.] Demodicose bovina no Estado da Paraíba. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 24(3):149-152. Depto Parasitologia Animal, Instituto de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ 23890-000, Brazil. E-mail: faccini@ufrrj.br
Cases of bovine demodicosis caused by Demodex bovis were reported in a Sindhi herd from December 1989 to January 1992. Both localized and generalized forms were diagnosed. This is the first report of the generalized form in Brazil. In the first two years, demodicosis was diagnosed only in cattle < 2 years old, whereas animals of all ages were positive in the last two years. Prevalence varied from 20.4% (11/54) to 53.1% (26/49) and 13.2% (12/91) to 14.8% (9/61) for cattle < 2 years old and > 2 years old, respectively. Clinical signs varied from a few small nodules to a thickened skin with soft large nodules in the localized and generalized forms, respectively. Main microscopic features of the nodules in the generalized form consisted of acanthosis with hyperqueratosis, chronic sebaceous adenitis, subcutaneous muscular necrosis, focal cellular degeneration of the epidermis basal layer and presence of large number of mites inside the lumen of dilated hair follicles. In addition, a chronic perifoliculitis was observed, characterized by lymphoplasmocytic infiltrate which also contained macrophages and neutrophils. It is suggested that poor nutrition and stress due to prolonged drought probably contributed to the increase of susceptibility of the herd to mite infestation.
Abstract in Portuguese:
Faccini J.L.H., Santos A.C.G. & Bechara G.H. 2004. [Bovine demodicosis in the state of Paraíba, northeastern Brazil.] Demodicose bovina no Estado da Paraíba. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 24(3):149-152. Depto Parasitologia Animal, Instituto de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ 23890-000, Brazil. E-mail: faccini@ufrrj.br
Cases of bovine demodicosis caused by Demodex bovis were reported in a Sindhi herd from December 1989 to January 1992. Both localized and generalized forms were diagnosed. This is the first report of the generalized form in Brazil. In the first two years, demodicosis was diagnosed only in cattle < 2 years old, whereas animals of all ages were positive in the last two years. Prevalence varied from 20.4% (11/54) to 53.1% (26/49) and 13.2% (12/91) to 14.8% (9/61) for cattle < 2 years old and > 2 years old, respectively. Clinical signs varied from a few small nodules to a thickened skin with soft large nodules in the localized and generalized forms, respectively. Main microscopic features of the nodules in the generalized form consisted of acanthosis with hyperqueratosis, chronic sebaceous adenitis, subcutaneous muscular necrosis, focal cellular degeneration of the epidermis basal layer and presence of large number of mites inside the lumen of dilated hair follicles. In addition, a chronic perifoliculitis was observed, characterized by lymphoplasmocytic infiltrate which also contained macrophages and neutrophils. It is suggested that poor nutrition and stress due to prolonged drought probably contributed to the increase of susceptibility of the herd to mite infestation.
#2167 - A toxidez de diversas lantanas para bovinos e ovinos no Brasil
Abstract in English:
Brito M.F., Tokarnia C.H. & Döbereiner J. 2004. [The toxicity of diverse lantanas for cattle and sheep in Brazil.] A toxidez de diversas lantanas para bovinos e ovinos no Brasil. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 24(3):153-159. Projeto Sanidade Animal Embrapa/UFRRJ, Km 47, Seropédica, RJ 23890-000, Brazil. E-mail: tokarnia@ufrrj.br
Experiments on the toxicity of Lantana spp for cattle and sheep revealed a similar situation as is reported from Australia. Neither all Lantana species nor all varieties which occur in Brazil are poisonous. Lantana samples collected at Boa Vista (Roraima), Castanhal (Pará), Cáceres (Mato Grosso), Serra Talhada (Pernambuco), Cabo Frio and Quatis (Rio de Janeiro), and Canoinhas (Santa Catarina) were toxic. All the other Lantana samples, collected at Cruzeiro do Sul (Acre), Castanhal (Pará), Chapada dos Guimarães and Lambari d’Oeste (Mato Grosso), Jaguaribe (Ceará), Vitória da Conquista and Wanderley (Bahia), Vitória (Espírito Santo), Vassouras, Parati and Itaguaí (Rio de Janeiro) revealed experimentally as non-toxic at a dose of 40g/kg. In all cases the lethal dose was 40 g/kg, with two exceptions: the sample collected at Canoinha (Santa Catarina) was much more toxic (10g/kg) and the one from Serra Talhada (Pernambuco) was much less toxic, as this last sample caused lethal poisoning only at a dosage of 40g/kg/day given during 30 days. Histories about the observation of photosensitization in cattle due to the ingestion of Lantana spp were obtained at Serra Talhada (Pernambuco), Cáceres (Mato Grosso), Cabo Frio and Quatis (Rio de Janeiro), and Canoinhas (Santa Catarina). No correlation could be established between the colour of the flowers of Lantana spp and the toxicity of the plants. This confirms reports from Australia that the toxic potential of the Lantana species is not necessarily related to the colour of their flowers.
Abstract in Portuguese:
Brito M.F., Tokarnia C.H. & Döbereiner J. 2004. [The toxicity of diverse lantanas for cattle and sheep in Brazil.] A toxidez de diversas lantanas para bovinos e ovinos no Brasil. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 24(3):153-159. Projeto Sanidade Animal Embrapa/UFRRJ, Km 47, Seropédica, RJ 23890-000, Brazil. E-mail: tokarnia@ufrrj.br
Experiments on the toxicity of Lantana spp for cattle and sheep revealed a similar situation as is reported from Australia. Neither all Lantana species nor all varieties which occur in Brazil are poisonous. Lantana samples collected at Boa Vista (Roraima), Castanhal (Pará), Cáceres (Mato Grosso), Serra Talhada (Pernambuco), Cabo Frio and Quatis (Rio de Janeiro), and Canoinhas (Santa Catarina) were toxic. All the other Lantana samples, collected at Cruzeiro do Sul (Acre), Castanhal (Pará), Chapada dos Guimarães and Lambari d’Oeste (Mato Grosso), Jaguaribe (Ceará), Vitória da Conquista and Wanderley (Bahia), Vitória (Espírito Santo), Vassouras, Parati and Itaguaí (Rio de Janeiro) revealed experimentally as non-toxic at a dose of 40g/kg. In all cases the lethal dose was 40 g/kg, with two exceptions: the sample collected at Canoinha (Santa Catarina) was much more toxic (10g/kg) and the one from Serra Talhada (Pernambuco) was much less toxic, as this last sample caused lethal poisoning only at a dosage of 40g/kg/day given during 30 days. Histories about the observation of photosensitization in cattle due to the ingestion of Lantana spp were obtained at Serra Talhada (Pernambuco), Cáceres (Mato Grosso), Cabo Frio and Quatis (Rio de Janeiro), and Canoinhas (Santa Catarina). No correlation could be established between the colour of the flowers of Lantana spp and the toxicity of the plants. This confirms reports from Australia that the toxic potential of the Lantana species is not necessarily related to the colour of their flowers.
#2168 - Ganho de peso e custos em bovinos de corte submetidos a dois tipos de suplementos minerais
Abstract in English:
Malafaia P., Peixoto P.V., Gonçalves J.C.S., Moreira A.L., Costa D.P.B. & Correa W.S. 2004. [Daily weight gain and costs of beef cattle receiving two types of mineral supple-ments.] Ganho de peso e custos em bovinos de corte submetidos a dois tipos de suplementos minerais. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 24(3):160-164. Depto Nutrição Animal e Pastagem, Instituto de Zootecnia, UFRRJ, Seropédica, RJ 23851-970, Brazil. E-mail: malafaia1@ig.com.br
The daily weight gain and economic aspects of beef cattle raised on tropical pastures receiving two types of mineral supplements were evaluated during 112-183 days during the wet season in 4 herds. On each farm the animals were divided into two groups. For one group a commercial mineral mixture was used, and to the other group a selective mineral mixture containing only Na, P, Cu and Co was offered. The cattle were weighed every 30 days, and the mineral supplement intake was measured monthly. The daily weight gain of the animals receiving the selective mineral mixture was greater in three farms. Only on the second farm the group receiving the commercial mineral mixture had a superior daily weight gain. The daily intake of the selective mineral mixture was lower in all groups and was attributed to the high amount of NaCl in these mixtures. The selective mineral supplementation was 3 up to 7 times more economic than the conventional supplementation with a “complete” mineral mix. Throughout the experimental period the animals did not show any direct or indirect clinical signs of mineral deficiency. The results of these experiments confirms the hypothesis that selective mineral supplementation – i.e. supplementation of the mineral element(s) deficient – was correct and results in expressive reduction of the cost with the mineral supplementation for beef cattle.
Abstract in Portuguese:
Malafaia P., Peixoto P.V., Gonçalves J.C.S., Moreira A.L., Costa D.P.B. & Correa W.S. 2004. [Daily weight gain and costs of beef cattle receiving two types of mineral supple-ments.] Ganho de peso e custos em bovinos de corte submetidos a dois tipos de suplementos minerais. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 24(3):160-164. Depto Nutrição Animal e Pastagem, Instituto de Zootecnia, UFRRJ, Seropédica, RJ 23851-970, Brazil. E-mail: malafaia1@ig.com.br
The daily weight gain and economic aspects of beef cattle raised on tropical pastures receiving two types of mineral supplements were evaluated during 112-183 days during the wet season in 4 herds. On each farm the animals were divided into two groups. For one group a commercial mineral mixture was used, and to the other group a selective mineral mixture containing only Na, P, Cu and Co was offered. The cattle were weighed every 30 days, and the mineral supplement intake was measured monthly. The daily weight gain of the animals receiving the selective mineral mixture was greater in three farms. Only on the second farm the group receiving the commercial mineral mixture had a superior daily weight gain. The daily intake of the selective mineral mixture was lower in all groups and was attributed to the high amount of NaCl in these mixtures. The selective mineral supplementation was 3 up to 7 times more economic than the conventional supplementation with a “complete” mineral mix. Throughout the experimental period the animals did not show any direct or indirect clinical signs of mineral deficiency. The results of these experiments confirms the hypothesis that selective mineral supplementation – i.e. supplementation of the mineral element(s) deficient – was correct and results in expressive reduction of the cost with the mineral supplementation for beef cattle.
#2169 - Meningoencefalite granulomatosa em bovinos em pastoreio de ervilhaca (Vicia spp)
Abstract in English:
Rech R.R, Fighera R.A., Oliveira F.N. & Barros C.S.L. 2004. [Granulomatous meningoencephalitis in cattle grazing vetch (Vicia spp).] Meningoencefalite granulomatosa em bovinos em pastoreio de ervilhaca (Vicia spp). Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 24(3): 169-172. Depto Patologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil. E-mail: claudioslbarros@uol.com.br
Granulomatous meningoencephalitis was observed in 7 out of 8 adult dairy cows affected by vetch-associated systemic granulomatous disease, although there was no neurological signs associated with the condition. The cellular inflammatory infiltrates were located in the leptomeninges and as perivascular cuffings within the brain and consisted of epithelioid macrophages, lymphocytes, plasm cells and eosinophils. These inflammatory changes varied from mild to severe from animal to animal and among different brain regions of the same animal. Perivascular cuffings were usually more marked than the leptomeningeal infiltrates. Affected brain regions, in decreasing order of intensity, included diencephalon through the level of massa intermedia, mesencephalon at the level of rostral colliculi, pons and cerebellar peduncles, medulla at the level of obex, frontal lobe at the level of the genu of the corpus callosum, and cerebellum. The character and the distribution of the inflammatory changes are emphasized regarding the differential diagnosis with other diseases and lesions of the bovine central nervous system in the context of the Brazilian surveillance program for bovine spongiform encephalopath.
Abstract in Portuguese:
Rech R.R, Fighera R.A., Oliveira F.N. & Barros C.S.L. 2004. [Granulomatous meningoencephalitis in cattle grazing vetch (Vicia spp).] Meningoencefalite granulomatosa em bovinos em pastoreio de ervilhaca (Vicia spp). Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 24(3): 169-172. Depto Patologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil. E-mail: claudioslbarros@uol.com.br
Granulomatous meningoencephalitis was observed in 7 out of 8 adult dairy cows affected by vetch-associated systemic granulomatous disease, although there was no neurological signs associated with the condition. The cellular inflammatory infiltrates were located in the leptomeninges and as perivascular cuffings within the brain and consisted of epithelioid macrophages, lymphocytes, plasm cells and eosinophils. These inflammatory changes varied from mild to severe from animal to animal and among different brain regions of the same animal. Perivascular cuffings were usually more marked than the leptomeningeal infiltrates. Affected brain regions, in decreasing order of intensity, included diencephalon through the level of massa intermedia, mesencephalon at the level of rostral colliculi, pons and cerebellar peduncles, medulla at the level of obex, frontal lobe at the level of the genu of the corpus callosum, and cerebellum. The character and the distribution of the inflammatory changes are emphasized regarding the differential diagnosis with other diseases and lesions of the bovine central nervous system in the context of the Brazilian surveillance program for bovine spongiform encephalopath.
#2170 - Evidence of hantavirus infection in wild rodents captured in a rural area of the state of São Paulo, Brazil
Abstract in English:
Lemos E.R.S., D'Andrea P.S., Bonvicino C. R., Famadas K. M., Padula P., Cavalcanti A.A. & Schatzmayr H.G. 2004. Evidence of hantavirus infection in wild rodents captured in a rural area of the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 24(2):71-73. Depto Virologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil 4365, Pavilhão Rocha Lima, 5º andar, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21045-900, Brazil. E-mail: elemos@ioc.fiocruz.br
Hantaviruses are the etiological agents of the Hantavirus Cardio-Pulmonary Syndrome, a serious rodent-borne disease in Brazil. In order to investigate the occurrence of hantavirus infection in wild rodents, a survey was conducted in three different suburban areas of the municipality of Pedreira, State of São Paulo, Brazil. Of the 145 wild animals captured belonging to 12 different species identified by morphology and karyological analysis, 107 were rodents of the following species: Akodon montensis, Bolomys lasiurus, Calomys tener, Oligoryzomys nigripes, Oligoryzomys flavescens, and Myocastor coypus. Blood samples from these rodents were assayed for the presence of antibodies against hantavirus by IgG ELISA using Andes recombinant nucleocapsid antigen. Antibody reactive to Andes virus was found in two different species, O. nigripes and O. flavescens. These results indicate a potential risk for hantavirus transmission to humans in this area, where reservoir rodents are present in peridomestic settings.
Abstract in Portuguese:
Lemos E.R.S., D'Andrea P.S., Bonvicino C. R., Famadas K. M., Padula P., Cavalcanti A.A. & Schatzmayr H.G. 2004. Evidence of hantavirus infection in wild rodents captured in a rural area of the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 24(2):71-73. Depto Virologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil 4365, Pavilhão Rocha Lima, 5º andar, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21045-900, Brazil. E-mail: elemos@ioc.fiocruz.br
Hantaviruses are the etiological agents of the Hantavirus Cardio-Pulmonary Syndrome, a serious rodent-borne disease in Brazil. In order to investigate the occurrence of hantavirus infection in wild rodents, a survey was conducted in three different suburban areas of the municipality of Pedreira, State of São Paulo, Brazil. Of the 145 wild animals captured belonging to 12 different species identified by morphology and karyological analysis, 107 were rodents of the following species: Akodon montensis, Bolomys lasiurus, Calomys tener, Oligoryzomys nigripes, Oligoryzomys flavescens, and Myocastor coypus. Blood samples from these rodents were assayed for the presence of antibodies against hantavirus by IgG ELISA using Andes recombinant nucleocapsid antigen. Antibody reactive to Andes virus was found in two different species, O. nigripes and O. flavescens. These results indicate a potential risk for hantavirus transmission to humans in this area, where reservoir rodents are present in peridomestic settings.
