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Year 2014 - Volume 34, Number 4
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Acute poisoning by Pteridium arachnoideum and Pteridium caudatum in cattle and distribution of the plants in Mato Grosso, 34(4):343-348
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ABSTRACT.- Furlan F.H., Mendes E.R.S., Ducatti K.R., Marcon G.C., Dombrosky T., Amorim T.M. & Riet-Correa F. 2014. [Acute poisoning by Pteridium arachnoideum and Pteridium caudatum in cattle and distribution of the plants in Mato Grosso.] Intoxicação aguda por Pteridium aracnoideum e Pteridium caudatum em bovinos e distribuição das plantas em Mato Grosso. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 34(4):343-348. Laboratório de Patologia Animal, Hospital Veterinário, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Centro Universitário de Sinop, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Av. Alexandre Ferronato 1200, Distrito Industrial, Sinop, MT 78550-000, Brazil. E-mail: furlan@ufmt.br
Epidemiological features, clinical signs and pathological findings of a spontaneous acute poisoning by Pteridium arachnoideum and Pteridium caudatum in cattle in the State of Mato Grosso, Brazil, are described. The plant distribution, magnitude and some aspects about the pasture invasion by P. arachnoideum and P. caudatum in the State are also described. Pteridium spp. were found in 83 farms from nine counties and 22 of them were submitted to taxonomic identification. P. arachnoideum was found in 22 farms and in two farms also P. caudatum. Deforestation and burning appear to be associated with pasture invasion by Pteridium spp. On the farm where the poisoning occurred 306 cattle were introduced into a pasture of Brachiaria brizantha intensely invaded by P. arachnoideum and P. caudatum. Twenty two cattle were poisoned by the plants and died. The main clinical signs were hemorrhages, high fever, apathy, fatigue, weakness and recumbency. Gross findings included variable degrees of hemorrhages in several organs and cavities with occasional infarcts. The most consistent histological finding was marked bone marrow aplasia. Epidemiological, clinical and pathological findings associated with the taxonomic identofication of the plant support the diagnosis of acute poisoning by P. arachnoideum and P. caudatum in cattle. The increasing rate of deforestation and frequent burning in Mato Grosso can contribute to this disease which becomes a major cause of economic losses to livestock production in the State. |
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