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Year 2001 - Volume 21, Number 1
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Experimental poisoning by the burs of Stryphnodendron obovatum (Leg. Mimosoideae) in cattle. 1. Clinical aspects, 21(1):9-17
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ABSTRACT.- Brito M.F., Tokarnia C.H., Peixoto P.V., Silva H.K. & Nogueira M. 2001. [Experimental poisoning by the burs of Stryphnodendron obovatum (Leg. Mimosoideae) in cattle. 1. Clinical aspects] Intoxicação experimental pelas favas de Stryphnodendron obovatum (Leg. Mimosoideae) em bovinos. 1. Caracterização do quadro clínico. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 21 (1):9-17. Projeto Sanidade Animal Embrapa/UFRRJ, Km 47, Seropédica, RJ 23851-970, Brazil.
In order to contribute to the characterization of the clinical-pathological picture of poisoning by Stryphnodendron obovatwn Benth. (Leg. Mimosoideae), the pods of the tree were given orally to 17 young bovines. Six animals received the pods only once: Those which received doses of 10 and 20 g/kg, did not show any symptoms of poisoning. Those which receiveel 30, 40 and 40 g/kg of pods, showeel respectively moelerate, severe anel slight symptoms of poisoning, but all recovereel. The animal that was feel 60 g/kg, elieel. Eleven bovines receiveel repeateel doses of the pods: Two of them, which received 2,5 g/kg during 30 days, showed discrete to slight symptoms. Two animals received 5 g/kg during 13 anel 14 days anel showed moderate to severe poisoning. Three animals received 10 g/kg during 20, 8 anel 6 days; the first of them showed slight symptoms, the second died anel the third showed moderate to severe symptoms. Two animals received 20 g/kg during 2 anel 3 days; the first showed slight symptoms, the second died. The two bovines which were fed 30 anel 40 g/kg during 2 days, elieel. First symptoms of poisoning were observed from the first day of the experiments on, anel the clinical course varied from 3 to 63 days. Digestive disorders preelominateel in the clinical-pathological picture. Symptoms were mainly loss of appetite up to anorexia, faeces slightly elry to liquid, elistention of the abdomen without tympanism, loss of ruminal tluid during rumination, decrease in ruminal activity up to atonia, ruminal acidosis, gastro-intestinal colics, sialorrhoea, apathy, loss of weight, elebility, erosions anel ulcers of the oral mucosa. There was congestion of the visible mucous membranes (without icterus) anel of the interdigital parts of the hoofs, areas of focal alopecia anel/or hypotrichia in the axillary regions, the lateral parts of the tighs anel members, loss of hair on the tip of the tail, alterations which can be interpreted as slight photosensitization. In two bovines aspiration pneumonia was verifiecl. In three animals intermittent prolapse of the prepuce was seen, as well as polacuria; sometimes these animals sighed during urination. In all experimental animals the urine was generally turbiel, aciel, dark ambar, with a sweat smell anel high elensity, anel there was proteinuria; in a few animals glicosuria was eliagnoseel. Bilirubine values were normal. Thus, the severe photosensitization reporteei in the literature could not be reproeluceel. Loss of weight, slight photosensitization anel absence of icterus, observed in our experiments, are in accordance with the symptoms reporteei by farmers of the Cerrado-regions (Savanna) where S. obovatum occurs. |
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