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Year 2018 - Volume 38, Number 3
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Pain identification after orchiectomy in young bulls: development of the visual analogue scale compared with physiological parameters, behavioral patterns and facial expression, 38(3):436-443
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ABSTRACT.- Bertagnon H.G., Batista C.F., Bellinazzi J.B., Coneglian M.M., Mendes A.F. & Della Libera A.M.M.P. 2018. [Pain identification after orchiectomy in young bulls: development of the visual analogue scale compared with physiological parameters, behavioral patterns and facial expression.] Identificação de dor após orquiectomia em garrotes: desenvolvimento de escala análogo visual em comparação a parâmetros fisiológicos, padrões comportamentais e expressão facial. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 38(3):436-443. Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva 87, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP 05508-270, Brazil. E-mail: hbertagnon@unicentro.br
The identification of pain in cattle and your relief, are essential for animal welfare, however there is still no ideal test for this evaluation. Some researchers have used serum cortisol, heart and respiratory rates for this assessment, while others use scales based on behavior or facial expressions. However, doesn’t exist but a scale that takes into account the union of these identifiers for cattle. Furthermore, most researchers manipulate the animals to identify pain, which could mask the result. In this way, this paper proposed design and validate a visual analog scale for pain identification in cattle undergoing orchiectomy. For this, 8 Holstein calves with 200 days old and 250kg live weight were submitted to orchiectomy with local anesthesia and analgesics. The identification of pain was based on physiological analysis (serum cortisol and respiratory rate), behavioral, and facial expression in the visual-analogue -30 (30 minutes before surgery) and 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, 72 and 420 hours after the procedure; and with the exception of cortisol, all analyzes were performed without the interference of the appraiser with the animal, by videos. It was noted that all the methods proposed were able to identify post orchiectomy pain in cattle, however the degree of pain were higher in different post-surgical times. There was poor correlation between the proposed models, because it was found limitations for most assessed methodologies. We concluded an association between various parameters of pain, as visual analogue scale, can increase the accuracy to identify pain orchiectomy in bulls. |
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